简介:Carbonofhumusacids(HSAC)anddissolvedorganiccarbon(DOC)arethemostactiveformsofsoilorganiccarbon(SOC)andplayanimportantroleinglobalcarbonrecycling.WeinvestigatedtheconcentrationsofHSAC,water-solubleorganiccarbon(WSOC),hotwater-extractableorganiccarbon(HWOC)andSOCinsoilsunderdifferentvegetationtypesoffourcopperminetailingssiteswithdifferingvegetationsuccessiontimeperiodsinTongling,China.TheconcentrationsofHSAC,WSOC,HWOCandSOCincreasedwithvegetationsuccession.WSOCconcentrationincreasedwiththeaccumulationofSOCinthetailings,andalinearlypositivecorrelationexistedbetweentheconcentrationsofHSACandSOCinthetailings.However,thepercentagesofHSACandDOCintheSOCdecreasedduringvegetationsuccession.TherateofSOCaccumulationwashigherwhenthesuccessiontimewaslongerthan20years,whereasthespeedsofsoilorganicmatter(SOM)decompositionandhumificationwereslow,andtheconcentrationsofHSACandDOCincreasedslowlyinthetailings.Thepercentageofcarbonofhumicacid(HAC)inHSACincreasedwithvegetationsuccession,andthevaluesofhumificationindex(HI),HAC/carbonoffulvicacid,alsoincreasedwiththeaccumulationofHSACandSOCinsoilsofthetailingssites.However,theHIvalueintheeachofthetailingswaslessthan0.50.ThehumificationrateofSOMwaslowerthantheaccumulationrateofSOM,andthelevelofsoilfertilitywasstillverylowinthetailingsevenafter40yearsofnaturalrestoration.
简介:为绿粪肥被栽培的钩子庄稼在改进土壤性质起一个重要作用。一个3年的地实验被进行调查钩子庄稼的效果(豌豆,PisumsativumL.)管理,即,在10月/11月(秋天)和三月(春天)的钩子庄稼的加入,并且没有钩子庄稼(控制),在土壤上器官的碳(SOC),微生物引起的生物资源碳(MBC)和碳(C)周期酶,包括的绗维素酶(Cel),-glucosidase(Glu)和转化酶(Inv)的活动。另外,玷污全部的氮(TN)和pHKCl被调查。钩子庄稼每年在20082010期间从8月被栽培到10月。土壤样品从在钩子庄稼以后被种了的春天大麦(HordeumvulgareL.)的地被收集。为微生物引起的活动决心的土壤样品在2009,2010和2011在三月,5月,6月和8月被拿,当SOC和TN象pH一样满足KCl在三月和8月被决定。性质学习了的化学药品没显示出由试验性的因素影响了的重要变化。钩子庄稼的使用显著地与控制相比增加了MBC内容和C周期酶的活动。当钩子庄稼在春天被合并时,一个显著地更高的MBC内容与秋天加入相比在三月和5月被注意。而且,钩子庄稼的春天加入显著地增加了Glu活动(除了三月),当时象基础呼吸通常是的土壤的率一样的Cel和Inv的活动未受影响等到钩子庄稼加入。在钩子的更大的微生物引起的生物资源和更高的酶活动与控制相比,当绿粪肥能被推荐为一种有希望的技术增加土壤的生物活动,对待庄稼的土壤显示钩子的申请收割。因为没有重要效果或没有一致结果与钩子庄稼加入的时间有关被获得,春天和秋天应用能被推荐为一个管理工具在随后的庄稼的生长期间改进土壤性质的地位。
简介:TheimpactofpHchangesonmicrobialbiomasscarbon(Cmic)andmicrobialbiomassphosphorus(Pmic)wereexaminedfor3redsoilsundercitrusproductionwithdifferentlengthsofcultivation.SoilpHsignificantlyaffectedCmicandPmic.TheCmicandPmicchanges,asafunctionofsoilpH,appearedtofollowanormaldistributionwiththeoriginalsoilpHvalueattheapexandaspHincreasedordecreasedcomparedtotheoriginalsoilpH,CmicandPmicdeclined.Moreover,therewerecriticalpHvaluesatbothextremes(3.0ontheacidicsideand8.0to8.5onthealkalineside),beyondwhichmostofmicroorganismscouldneversurvive.TheeffectofpHonCmicandPmicwasalsorelatedtotheoriginalsoilpH.ThehighertheoriginalsoilpHwas,thelessCmicorPmicwereaffectedbypHchange.ItissuggestedthatsoilmicroorganismsthatgrowinasoilenvironmentwithamoreneutralsoilpHrange(I.e.pH5.5-7.5)mayhaveagreatertolerancetopHchangesthanthosegrowinginmoreacidicormorealkalinesoilpHconditions.
简介:Thereareabout1.27millionhaofuplandredsoilsderivedfromQuaternaryredclayfacingthedegradationinthelow-hillyregionofthemiddlesubtropicalChina.Fromtheaspectsofchemistry,physicsandmicrobiology,theprocessesofsoilfertilityrestorationinthesurfacelayer(0-20cm)underthreetypesoflandusepatterns(i.e.citursorchard,teagardenandupland)intwoprovinceswerestudiedinthiswork.Resultsshowedthatthereclamationoferodedwastealdnimprovedmostofsoilproperties.Soilorganicmatter,totalNandP,availablePandK,andexchangeableCaandMgincreased,butsoiltotalKandexchangeableAldecreasedSoilpHdecreasedby0.5unitinthepureteaplantationfor20years.Soilreclamationincreasedthepercentageofsoilmicreasedby0.5unitinthepureteaplantationfor20years.Soilreclamationincreasedthepercentageofsoilmicroaggregates(<0.25mm),especiallythosewithadiameterof0.02-0.002mm.Soiltotalporosityincreasedinthecultivatedlandswiththeincreaseofsoilaerationandcapillaryporosity,Thenumberofsoilmicroorganismsincreasedwithreclamationcausedmainlybythehugeincreaseofthetotalamoutofbacteria,Withthecultivation,theeativityofsoilureaseandacidphosphataseincreased.butthatofinvertasedropped.
简介:SoilsamplesweretakenfromanErmansbirch(Betulaermanii)-darkconiferousforest(PiceajezoensisandAbiesnephrolepis)ecotonegrowingonvolcanicejectainthenorthernslopeofChangbaiMountainsofNortheastChina,tocomparesoilcarbon(C)andnitrogen(N)transformationsinthetwoforests.ThesoiltypeisUmbri-GelicCambosolsinChineseSoilTaxonomy.Soilsampleswereincubatedaerobicallyat20-Candfieldcapacityof700gkg-1overaperiodof27weeks.TheamountofsoilmicrobialbiomassandnetNmineralizationwerehigherintheErmansbirchthanthedarkconiferousforest(P<0.05),whereasthecumulativeCmineralization(asCO2emission)inthedarkconiferousforestexceededthatintheErmansbirch(P<0.05).ReleaseofthecumulativedissolvedorganicCanddissolvedorganicNweregreaterintheErmansbirchthanthedarkconiferousforest(P<0.05).TheresultssuggestedthatdifferencesofforesttypescouldresultinconsiderablechangeinsoilCandNtransformations.
简介:Along-termexperimentbeginningin1981inJinxianCountyofJiangxiProvince,subtropicalChina,wasconductedinapaddyfieldunderadoublericecroppingsystemwithfourdifferentfertilizationregimes,including1)nofertilizerascontrol(CK),2)balancedchemicalN,P,andKfertilizers(NPK),3)organicmanureusingmilkvetchandpigmanureintheearlyandlatericegrowingseason,respectively(OM),and4)balancedchemicalfertilizerscombinedwithorganicmanure(NPKM).Samples(0-17cm)ofthepaddyfieldsoil,whichwasderivedfromQuaternaryredclay,werecollectedafterthelatericeharvestinNovember2003fordeterminationoftotalorganiccarbon(TOC)andtotalnitrogen(TN)andfractionsoforganicCandN.ResultsshowedthatTOCandTNintheNPKMandOMtreatmentsweresignificantlyhigherthanthoseinothertwotreatments(CKandNPK).ApplicationoforganicmanurewithorwithoutchemicalfertilizerssignificantlyincreasedthecontentsofallfractionsoforganicCandN,whereaschemicalfertilizerapplicationonlyincreasedthecontentsofoccludedparticulateorganicC(oPOC)andaminoacidN.Inaddition,applicationoforganicmanuresignificantlyenhancedtheproportionsoffreeparticulateorganiccarbon(fPOC)andoPOCintotalC,andthoseofaminosugarNandaminoacidN(P<0.01)intotalN.Incontrast,chemicalfertilizerapplicationonlyincreasedtheproportionsofoPOCandaminoacidN(P<0.05).TherewerenosignificantdifferencesineithercontentsorproportionsofsoilorganicCandorganicNfractionsbetweentheNPKMandOMtreatments.TheseindicatedthatorganicmanureapplicationwithorwithoutchemicalfertilizersplayedthemostsignificantroleinenhancingsoilorganicCandNquantityandqualityinthepaddyfieldstudied.
简介:N利用和氨基酸的生合成上的碳(C)和氮(N)来源的效果在arbuscularmycorrhizal(AM)的发芽孢子被检验在到各种各样的N底层,CO2,葡萄糖,或根流出物的暴露以后的真菌血管球intraradicesSchenck与史密斯。N举起和氨基酸的denovo生合成用与集体度谱的察觉的稳定的同位素的标记被分析。高效的液体基于层析的分析被用来测量氨基酸层次。当外长的N来源不在时并且面对25mLL1CO2,发芽AM真菌的孢子利用了从存储类脂化合物的降级导出到biosynthesize的内部N存储以及C骨骼免费氨基酸,丝氨酸和glycine主要在被生产。内部氨基酸的集中作为时间从0~1或2个星期增加了的萌芽逐渐地增加了。然而,天门冬素和夫酸安衰退了到底层;两个降级了向另外的氨基酸的生合成提供C和N施主。外长的无机的N(铵和硝酸盐)和到用仅仅为萌芽的CO2的AM真菌的孢子的器官的N(脲,精氨酸,和夫酸安)的可获得性当外长的N不在时比那些产生了更内部的免费氨基酸超过5次。没有外长的N,到有仅仅CO2的AM真菌的孢子的外长的硝酸盐的供应比那产生了更多的天门冬素超过10次。相反,到AM真菌的孢子的外长的葡萄糖的额外的供应更在外长的N来源的举起产生了重要改进,与超过3次免费氨基酸比与仅仅外长的CO2供应的那些正在被生产。同时,精氨酸是生产的最丰富的免费氨基酸,用作N存储混合物被合并到AM真菌的孢子的蛋白质。
简介:Low-molecular-weight(LMW)organicacidsexistwidelyinsoilsandhavebeenimplicatedinmanysoilprocesses.TheobjectiveofthepresentpaperwastoevaluateeffectoftwoLMWorganicacids,citricacidandoxalicacid,onCl-adsorptionbythreevariablechargesoils,alatosol,alateriticredsoilandaredsoil,usingabatchmethod.TheresultsshowedthatthepresenceofcitricacidandoxalicacidledtoadecreaseinCl-adsorptionwithlargerdecreasesforcitricacid.AmongthedifferentsoilsGl-adsorptioninthelateriticredsoilandtheredsoilwasmoreaffectedbyboththeLMWorganicacidsthanthatinthelatosol.
简介:An80-dincubationexperimentwasconductedtoinvestigatestrawdecomposition,theprimingeffectandmicrobialcharacteristicsinanon-fertilizedsoil(soil1)andalong-termorganicmanure-fertilizedsoil(soil2)withandwithout13C-labeledmaizestrawamendmentunderdifferentmoisturelevels.Thesoil2showedamarkedlyhigherprimingeffect,microbialbiomassC(Cmic),andβ-glucosidaseactivity,andmoreabundantpopulationsofbacteriaandfungithanthesoil1.Also,soilCO2emission,Cmic,β-glucosidaseactivity,andbacterialandfungalpopulationsizesweresubstantiallyenhancedbystrawamendment.Inthepresenceofstraw,theamountofstrawmineralizationandassimilationbymicrobesinthesoilat55%ofwaterholdingcapacity(WHC)weresignificantlyhigherby31%and17%,respectively,comparedtothoseat25%ofWHC.Incontrast,β-glucosidaseactivityandfungalpopulationsizewerebothenhancedasthemoisturecontentdecreased.Cmicdecreasedasstrawavailabilitydecreased,whichwasmainlyattributedtothereductionofstraw-derivedCmic.Amendedsoils,excepttheamendedsoil2at25%ofWHC,hadamoreabundantfungalpopulationasstrawavailabilitydecreased,indicatingthatfungaldecomposabilityofaddedstrawwasindependentofstrawavailability.Non-metricmultidimensionalscalinganalysisbasedonfungaldenaturedgradientgelelectrophoresisbandpatternsshowedthatshiftsinthefungalcommunitystructureoccurredaswaterandstrawavailabilityvaried.Theresultsindirectlysuggestthatsoilfungiareabletoadjusttheirdegradationactivitytowaterandstrawavailabilitybyregulatingtheircommunitystructure.
简介:很多个基于过程的模型为确定被开发了在agro生态系统的碳(C)隐遁。DeNitrification分解(DNDC)模型被用来模仿并且确定长期(1980–2008)玷污器官的碳(SOC)在重要的生产大米的省的动力学,江苏,中国。在SOC存储的变化从在空间分辨率不同的二个土壤数据库被估计:由68个多角形和土壤组成的一个县数据库为在江苏的稻田的所有3.7Mha的701个多角形的基于补丁的数据库。分别地,当那与好决定估计数据库是201.6和216.2时,有粗糙的决定县数据库的模仿的SOC存储在2008在1980和170.3–305.1TgC在131.0–320.6TgC之间变化了在1980和2008的TgC分别地。建模,土壤数据库在空间分辨率不同的结果显示用土壤输入,有更高的分辨率的数据实质地增加了建模的结果的精确性;并且当缺乏详细土壤数据集时,DNDC模型,有最敏感的因素(MSF)的parameterized应付属性无常的方法,尽管,能仍然生产可接受的结果与为在这份报纸报导的案例研究的多达60%的偏差。
简介:植物侵略可以改变碳(C)和氮(N)周期,而是方向,如此的改变的大小很少被确定了,这长被认出了。在这研究,我们确定了效果由有害异国情调的植物的侵略引起了,Kalanchoedaigremontiana(Crassulaceae),在在在委内瑞拉的一个半干旱的地区的土壤的C和N矿化作用和酶、微生物引起的活动上。我们比较了与这些进程(脱氢酶,-glucosidase,glucosaminidase,和urease的C和N矿化作用时间和累积的值,荧光黄diacetatehydrolytic活动,和活动)在之间联系的土壤参数入侵并且邻近的非入侵的地点。另外,在这些参数之中的关联和物理化学药品的性质也是的土壤检验了决定积极反馈是否在滋养的可获得性和K之间存在。daigremontiana侵略。总的来说,我们的结果证明到NH4+的有机化合物的那个C矿化作用和转变在K开拓殖民地于的地点被赞成。daigremontiana。与这种,我们发现了NH4+-N和C和最低矿化作用时间的最高累积的数量。这些结果能被urease和glucosaminidase的更高的活动在K的影响下面在土壤解释。daigremontiana。另外,有机物和潮湿的更高的数量在入侵的土壤力量帮助C和N矿化作用满足。在结论,由K的新热带区的半干旱的地区的侵略。daigremontiana可以影响这种盖住的土壤的化学、生物的性质,增加滋养的bioavailability,及时,它能便于侵略过程。
简介:因为它的高收益潜力,到边缘的地点的改编,和忍耐,Switchgrass(PanicumvirgatumL.)作为持续bioenergy庄稼被建议了到水和滋养的限制。生物资源精力庄稼生产的潜在的效果的更好的理解在土壤上练习生物性质,有机物动力学对它的生产批评。我们的目的在学院车站,达拉斯,和Stephenville是与成长得典型地的庄稼相比在不同土壤在温暖季节的长期的switchgrass下面在C水池评估变化镇定的,在2001年2月的TX。采样深度是05,515,和1530厘米。Switchgrass增加了土壤器官的C(SOC),玷污微生物引起的生物资源C(SMBC),mineralizableC,和与常规收割相比的微粒有机物C(POM-C)系统。土壤C集中在顺序:长期的沿海的bermudagrass[Cynodondactylon(L.)Pers.]
简介:植物材料的使用作为土壤修正案是在在迦纳的主要耕作社区之中的一个不平常的惯例,尽管它为土壤富饶改进是必要的。土壤修正案的效果的考试是必要的鼓励under-utilized的使用在迦纳的器官的资源。因此,一个地实验用作为测试庄稼为西红柿的生长作为土壤修正案与鸡粪肥混合的8不同热带植物材料被进行。植物材料包括了Leucaenaleucocephala,Centrosemapubescens,Sesbaniasesban,Gliricidiasepium,Mucunapruriens,Puerariaphaseoloides,Azadirachtaindica,和Theobroma可可子。有二个另外的处理:有有没有化肥输入(控制)的化肥和其它的相等的数量的。植物材料与鸡粪肥被混合获得一致carbon-to-nitrogen(C:N)5:1的比率。除了没有化肥控制,所有处理收到了氮(N)的一样的数量。在土壤澄清植物材料的分解模式,一个孵化实验在地实验前用仅仅植物材料被进行。Gliricidia处理显著地在孵化实验比另外的植物材料释放了更多的矿物质N。然而,西红柿水果收益没在地实验在Gliricidia处理被提高。测试植物材料的已知的优秀参数例如全部的N,总计碳(C),C:N比率,和全部的多酚,他们的矿化作用动力学上的有的最小的效果。Azadirachta通过显著地增加微生物引起的生物资源和水果西红柿产出的土壤与鸡肉粪肥显示出最好的synergistic效果。这结果在小规模的农业资源作为一个土壤修正案在联合向卓见提供进Azadirachta的可能的采纳鸡粪肥。
简介:在农业土地支持土壤碳隐遁是可行策略之一速度观察气候变化。然而,玷污物理骚乱由加速侵蚀加重了土壤降级过程。因此,减少通过适当farming/agricultural系统的物理骚乱是的土壤的大小和紧张对农业陆地的土壤碳水池能力的管理必要。不同土地的四个地点使用类型/耕种惯例,我)到没有为止(NT)玉米(ZeamaysL.)(NTC),ii)到为止常规(CT)玉米(CTC),iii)pastureland(PL),和iv)本国的森林(NF),在北方Appalachian试验性的分水岭车站,包括水马厩聚集在土壤总数索引上估计NT耕作的影响的美国俄亥俄,吝啬的重量直径(MWD)和几何平均数被选择直径(GMD),和土壤器官的碳和全部的氮内容。收到的NTC阴谋恐吓粪肥增加(大约15t哈1)每隔一年。CTC阴谋包含了耕作的disking和凿子和液体化肥申请(110L哈1)。结果证明水马厩聚集和MWD比为CTC在为NTC的土壤是更大的。在0-10厘米土壤层,>4.75公里尺寸部分统治了NTC并且而在不同地点之中的1)跟随了NF的趋势,为CTC多于那是46%>PL>NTC>CTC,为在CTC上的NTC更是35%-46%。NT实践提高了在CT实践上并且这样的器官的碳内容是的土壤在农田的碳隐遁的重要策略玷污。
简介:在地中海盆的半干旱的区域,一个降雨事件能导致释放大量土壤二氧化碳的呼吸脉搏(公司2)进空气;这脉搏能显著地贡献年度生态系统碳(C)平衡。常规耕种和二不同盖子庄稼,居民植被和BromuscatharticusL.的影响,在土壤公司2上,流出在VitisviniferaL被评估。在LaRioja的葡萄园,西班牙。土壤公司2流出,gravimetric水内容,和温度在降雨降水事件以后在0-5厘米的深度被监视近似,在到2012年7月27日,盖子在期间收割的从5月17日的时期的每10d凋谢了。在2012年6月10日,另外玷污器官的C,微生物引起的生物资源C,和-glucosidase活动在0-2.5,2.5-5,5-15,和15-25厘米的土壤深度被决定。土壤公司2搏动的结果表演与土壤水内容追随者降水事件的增加有关。比作常规耕种处理,更高有的两个盖子庄稼处理在降水事件以后玷污公司2流出。更高有的两个盖子庄稼处理比常规耕种处理在土壤表面(0-2.5厘米)玷污器官的C,微生物引起的生物资源C,和-glucosidase活动。公司2的每脉搏与表面土壤性质有关。因此,这研究建议在在盖子庄稼下面的土壤表面的器官的C和microbiological性质可以增加的土壤的改进在旱季期间在降水事件以后立即相对常规耕种玷污公司2流出。
简介:在空气在农业土壤影响土壤质量和温室气体集中在土壤改变器官的碳(SOC)。干燥农田在中国盖住超过70%整个农田区域并且在减轻二氧化碳(CO2)起一个重要作用排出物。在这研究,4109个干燥农田土壤多角形用土壤层的空间覆盖分析被提取(1:500000)并且陆地使用层(1:500000)在安徽为干燥农田支持SOC动力学的世纪模型模拟省,从1980~2008的华东。就二个地确认地点而言,世纪模型在在省为干燥农田为SOC动力学建模相对表演了很好。模仿的结果证明区域加权的平均数玷污从18.77MgCha−增加的干燥农田的器官的碳密度(SOCD);1在1980~23.99MgCha−;10.18MgCha−与平均隐遁在2008评价;1year−;1。约94.9%全部的干燥农田区域扣押了碳当5.1%有的碳输了时。在过去的29年,在省的干燥农田土壤的网SOC获得是19.37Tg,与0.67TgCyear−的平均隐遁率;1。SOC的扩大主要由于氮化肥和农家庭院粪肥的增加的消费。而且,SOC动力学高度在干燥农田土壤组之中被区分。有一条好规模的土壤数据库途径的世纪模型的集成能方便地在地区性的规模为SOC动力学的精确模拟作为一个工具被利用。
简介:AchangeintheEuropeanUnionenergypolicyhasmarkedlypromotedtheexpansionofbiogasproduction.Consequently,largeamountsofnutrient-richresiduesarebeingusedasorganicfertilizers.Inthisstudy,apotexperimentwasconductedtosimulatethehigh-risksituationofenhancedgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsfollowingorganicfertilizerapplicationinenergymaizecultivation.WehypothesizedthatcattleslurryapplicationenhancedCO_2andN_2Ofluxescomparedtobiogasdigestatebecauseoftheoverallhighercarbon(C)andnitrogen(N)input,andthathigherlevelsofCO_2andN_2OemissionscouldbeexpectedbyincreasingsoilorganicC(SOC)andNcontents.Biogasdigestateandcattleslurry,atarateof150kgNH_4~+-Nha~(-1),wereincorporatedinto3soiltypeswithlow,medium,andhighSOCcontents(Cambisol,MollicGleysol,andSapricHistosol,termedClow,Cmedium,andChigh,respectively).TheGHGexchange(CO_2,CH_4,andN_2O)wasmeasuredon5replicatesoveraperiodof22dusingtheclosedchambertechnique.TheapplicationofcattleslurryresultedinsignificantlyhigherCO_2andN_2Ofluxescomparedtotheapplicationofbiogasdigestate.NodifferenceswereobservedinCH_4exchange,whichwasclosetozeroforalltreatments.SignificantlyhigherCO_2emissionswereobservedinChighcomparedtotheothertwosoiltypes,whereasthehighestN_2OemissionswereobservedinCmedium.Thus,theresultsdemonstratetheimportanceofsoiltype-adaptedfertilizationwithrespecttochangingsoilphysicalandenvironmentalconditions.
简介:Itisgloballyacceptedthatsoilcarbon(C)dynamicsareatthecoreofinterlinkedenvironmentalproblems,deterioratingsoilqualityandchangingclimate.Itsmanagementremainsacomplexenigmaforthescientificcommunityduetoitsintricaterelationshipwithsoilnitrogen(N)availabilityandmoisture-temperatureinteractions.ThisarticlereviewsthemanagementaspectsofsoilCdynamicsinlightofrecentadvances,particularlyinrelationtotheavailabilityofinorganicNpoolsandassociatedmicrobialprocessesunderchangingclimate.Globally,drasticalterationsinsoilCdynamicsunderchanginglanduseandmanagementpracticeshavebeenprimarilyattributedtothevariationinsoilNavailability,resultinginahigherdecompositionrateandaconsiderabledeclineinsoilorganicC(SOC)levelsduetoincreasedsoilCO_2emissions,degradedsoilquality,andincreasedatmosphericCO_2concentrations,leadingtoclimatewarming.PredictedclimatewarmingisproposedtoenhanceSOCdecomposition,whichmayfurtherincreasesoilNavailability,leadingtohighersoilCO_2efflux.However,aliteraturesurveyrevealedthatsoilmayalsoactasapotentialCsink,ifwecouldmanagesoilinorganicNpoolsandlinkmicrobialprocessesproperly.Studiesalsoindicatedthattherelative,ratherthantheabsolute,availabilityofinorganicNpoolsmightbeofkeyimportanceunderchangingclimate,astheseNpoolsarevariablyaffectedbymoisture-temperatureinteractions,andtheyhavevariableimpactsonSOCturnover.Therefore,multi-factorialstudiesarerequiredtounderstandhowtherelativeavailabilityofinorganicNpoolsandassociatedmicrobialprocessesmaydetermineSOCdynamicsforimprovedsoilCmanagement.