简介：题名,是论文的总纲,是能反映论文最主要的特定内容的最恰当、最简明的词语的逻辑组合。首先,题名应准确得体。应以最恰当的词语反映论文的特定内容,把论文的主题明白无误地告诉读者,并且使之起到画龙点睛、启迪读者阅读兴趣的作用。

简介：艮据有关规定，可以把摘要编写要求归纳成如下几点。旨略“我们”“作者”“本文”这样的主语。

简介：根据有关规定，可以把摘要编写要求归纳成如下几点。省略“我们”“作者”“本文”这样的主语。简短精练，明确具体。简短，指篇幅短，一般要求50～300字（依摘要类型而定）；精炼，指摘录出原文的精华，无多余的话；明确具体，指表意明白，不含糊，无空泛、笼统的词语，应有较多而有用的定性和定量的信息。

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简介：AIM:ToIntroduceanewspecializedvisualacuitychartforamblyopicchildrenaged3-5yearsoldanditsclinicalapplications.METHODS:ThenewvisualacuitychartandnotationsweredesignedbasedonWeber-Fechnerlaw.Theoptotypeswereredagainstawhitebackgroundandwerespeciallyshapedfourbasicgeometricsymbols:circle,square,triangle,andcross.Aregulargeometricprogressionoftheoptotypesizesanddistributionwasemployedtoarrangein14lines.Theprogressionrateoftheoptotypesizebetweentwolineswas1.2589andthetestingdistancewas3m.VisualacuityscorecouldberecordedaslogMARnotationordecimalnotation.Agestratifieddiagnosticcriteriaforamblyopiaestablishedbyconsensusstatementondiagnosisofamblyopia(2011)amongmembersoftheStrabismusandPediatricOphthalmologyGroup,OphthalmologySociety,ChineseMedicalAssociation(SPOGOSCMA)wereillustratedinthenewvisualacuitychart.RESULTS:Whenassessingvisualacuityinchildrenaged3-5yearsold,thisnewvisualacuitychartthatconsistsoffoursymmetricalshapes(triangle,square,cross,andcircle)overcameaninabilitytorecognizethelettersofthealphabetanddifficultiesindesignatingthedirectionofblackabstractsymbolssuchasthetumbling’E’orLandolt’C’,whichthesubjectswerepronetoloseinterestin.Thevisualacuityscoremayberecordedindifferentnotations:decimalacuityandlogMAR.Thesetwonotationscanbeeasilyconvertedeachotherintheneweyechart.Themeasurementsofthisnewchartnotonlyshowedasignificantcorrelationandagoodconsistencywiththeinternationalstandardlogarithmicvisualacuitychart(r=0.932,P<0.01),butalsoindicatedahightest-retestreliability(89%ofretestscoreswerewithin0.1logMARunitsoftheinitialtestscore).CONCLUSION:Theresultsofthisstudysupportthevalidityandreliabilityofdistancevisualacuitymeasurementsusingtheneweyechartinchildrenaged3to5yearsoverawiderangeofvisualacuities,andtheneweyechartisgreatforearl