简介：目的：建立适用于本视觉电生理检查室的脑电皮肤电极记录视网膜电图正常值指标,以利于将其用于配合度低的患者。方法：选取2015-03/09来我科检查后诊断为正常者30例51眼,分别采用角膜接触镜电极和皮肤电极记录视网膜电图,对检查结果进行比较分析。结果：两种电极检查结果差异都有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。幅值上皮肤电极结果均明显低于角膜接触镜电极,其占角膜接触镜电极幅值的比值为20%~30%;但潜伏期较角膜接触镜电极稍提前,其占角膜电极记录结果的比值为95%~96%。结论：将脑电皮肤电极用于配合度低的患者可以提供有价值的视网膜功能信息。

简介：目的通过安徽省某县09年度与11年度分别开展的贫困白内障复明手术各300例（300眼），手术结果的比较，探讨防盲手术培训的重要性。方法手术均由通过培训与再培训并获得资格认证的两位医生完成。术前视力〈0．1，排除其他眼病及严重全身疾病。手术方式统一为小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶状体植入术，植入的人工晶状体均为Alton晶状体，粘弹剂为玻璃酸钠（其胜，上海产）。术前、术后处理按照安徽省防盲手术要求执行。结果比较两年度病人的早期术后视力，术中及术后早期并发症，09年度与11年度比较，术后第一天裸眼视力≥0．3比率由49．5％上升至60．4％；术中玻璃体脱出由7％降至4％；角膜水肿发生率由16％降至11％；其他并发症同样明显减少。而每例白内障手术时间也由40分钟减少至22分钟。结论11年度手术质量明显好于09年。并且09年手术是在省防盲中心派一名教师现场指导下完成，而11年度则是完全是独立完成。这些结果均提示通过有效的防盲手术培训，能以明显的提高白内障手术质量；同时也充分证实了防盲手术培训是非常重要的。

简介：AIM:Todeterminewhethersinglenucleotidepolymorphism(SNP)rs641153isassociatedwiththeriskofage-relatedmaculardegeneration(AMD),weperformedasystematicmeta-analysisof15eligiblestudies.SNPinthecomplementfactorB(CFB)geneisconsideredtohavesignificantassociationwithAMDsusceptibility,butthereisgreatdiscrepancyintheseresults.METHODS:TheeligiblestudieswereidentifiedbysearchingthedatabasesofPubMed,EMBASE,andWebofScience.Oddsratios(ORs)with95%confidenceintervals(CIs)wereusedtoassesstheassociation.AlldatawereanalyzedusingStatasoftware.RESULTS:Theassociationbetweenrs641153andAMDriskwasstatisticallysignificantunderthehomozygousmodel(AAvsGG:OR=0.26,95%CI=0.15-0.45,P_h=0.973,/~2=0.0%,fixedeffects),dominantmodel(AA+GAvsGG:OR=0.49,95%CI=0.40-0.59,P_h=0.004,/~2=56.4%,randomeffects)andrecessivemodel(AAvsGA+GG:OR=0.30,95%CI=0.17-0.51,R_n=0.983,I~2=0.0%,fixedeffects).Thesameresultswerealsoobservedinthestratifiedanalysesbyethnicity,sourceofcontrolandsamplesize.CONCLUSION:Ourmeta-analysissuggeststhatrs641153intheCFBgenemayplayaprotectiveroleinAMDsusceptibility,thelateAMDinparticular,bothinCaucasiansandinAsians.

简介：目的：评价图形视觉诱发电位（patternvisualevokedpotentials,P-VEP）、眼底照相、视野和光学相干断层扫描（opticalcoherencetomography,OCT）对青光眼患者检查的可靠性。方法：对83例95眼青光眼患者应用眼科电生理仪、眼底照相、视野和OCT,根据P-VEP、眼底照相、OCT、视野检查结果的阳性率进行相关性分析。结果：患者83例95眼中,视野检查成功获取阳性病例图像73眼（76.8%）,无法获取图像22眼（23.2%）;眼底照像成功获取阳性病例图像75眼（78.9%）,无法获取图像20眼（21.1%）;获得P-VEP阳性病例47眼（49.5%）,未见明显异常26眼（27.3%）,无法采集图像22眼（23.2%）;成功获取OCT阳性病例图像81眼（85.3%）,无法获取OCT图像14眼（14.7%）。结论：视觉诱发电位、眼底照相、视野和光学相干断层图像结果对青光眼患者的视功能状况进行综合评估。

简介：AIM:Toadaptthelowvision-relatedqualityoflife(LVQOL)instrumentintoTurkishlanguageandtoassessitsvalidityandreliability.METHODS:Thestudywasconductedin387patientsattendingtheCentreofLowVisionRehabilitation,FacultyofMedicine,AnkaraUniversity.Forstatisticalanalyses,theSpearman’scorrelationcoefficient,Cronbach’salphacoefficientandConfirmatoryFactorAnalysis(CFA)wereused.RESULTS:AccordingtoresultsofCFA,theiteminthe'Adjustment'subscalebecauseofhavingthefactorloadingbelow0.40,wasexcludedfromthequestionnaire.ThereliabilityofthequestionnairewasassessedaccordingtoCronbach’salphacoefficients.Thereliabilityofthe'DistanceVision,Mobility,andLighting'subscalewas?琢=0.863;ofthe'Adjustment'subscalewas?琢=0.694;'ReadingandFineWork'was?琢=0.791,and'ActivitiesofDailyLiving'was?琢=0.770.Sotheseresultsindicatethatthequestionnaireisreliabletomeasurethevisionrelatedqualityoflifeoflow-visionpatients.Thecorrelationsbetweenthesubscaleswerealsoanalyzed,andthecorrelationbetween'Adjustment'and'ReadingandFineWork'wasfoundtobethelowest(rs=0.336,P<0.001),whereasthestrongestcorrelationwasfoundbetweenthe'ReadingandFineWork',and'ActivitiesofDailyLiving'.Additionally,the'Adjustment'dimensionshowedthestrongestcorrelationwithonly'DistanceVision,Mobility,andLighting'dimension.CONCLUSION:Afterremovingthelastitemintheseconddimension,theTurkishadaptationofalldimensionsoftheLVQOLhasbeenshowntobereliable,validandsuitableforuseinpatientswithlowvisioninTurkey.

简介：AIM:Tofindouttheoutcomeoflaserphotocoagulationinclinicallysignificantmacularedema(CSME)byopticalcoherencetomography(OCT).·METHODS:Itwasaprospective,non-controlled,caseseriesstudyenrolling81eyesof64patientswithCSMEbetweenAugust2008andJanuary2010.AllpatientsreceivedmodifiedgridphotocoagulationwithfrequencydoubledNd:YAGlaser.Eachpatientwasevaluatedintermsofbest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)andregressionorprogressionofmaculopathyafterlasertherapyat1,3and6months.Spearman’scorrelationtestwasusedtoshowthecorrelationbetweenBCVAandtotalmacularvolume(TMV).Analysisofvariance(ANOVA)wasusedtocompareamonggroupsandindependentt-testwasusedtocompareineachgroup.·RESULTS:ThereishighcorrelationbetweenBCVAandTMV(P≤0.001).BCVAimprovedin50.6%,remainedstaticin39.5%anddeterioratedin9.9%patientsafter6monthoftreatment.TheBaselineTMV(meanandSD)were9.26±1.83,10.4±2.38,11.5±3.05,8.89±0.75and9.47±1.98mm3fordifferentOCTpatterns,ST(spongelikethickening),CMO(cystoidmacularedema),SFD(subfovealdetachment),VMIA(Vitreomacularinterfaceabnormality)andaverageTMVrespectively(P=0.04).After6monthsoflasertreatment,themeanTMVdecreasedfrom9.47±1.98mm3to8.77±1.31mm3(P=0.01).InSTtherewassignificantdecreaseinTMV,P=0.01,Furtherwithinthesegroupsat6months,theyweresignificantlydifferent,P=0.01.·CONCLUSION:OCTshowedthedifferentmorphologicalvariantofCSMEwhiletheresponseoftreatmentisdifferent.TMVdecreasedthemostandhenceshowedtheimprovementinvisionafter6monthsoflasertreatment.IntheeraofAntivascularendothelialgrowthfactors(VEGFs),efficacyoflaserseemstobeinshadowbutitisstillfirstlineoftreatmentindevelopingnationlikeNepalwhereantiVEGFsmaynotbeeasilyavailableandaffordable.

简介：目的：系统评价拉坦前列素（Latanoprost）滴眼液与噻吗心安（Timolol）滴眼液降眼压的有效性和安全性。方法：计算机检索PubMed，Medline，CNKI及中国生物医学文献数据库收录的，并辅以手工检索、因特网搜索的有关拉坦前列素与噻吗心安治疗原发性开角型青光眼和高眼压症的随机对照试验（RCT）。按照纳入和排除标准限定研究对象，通过Jadad评分量表进行文献质量评估后，针对眼压下降比例、药物不良反应2项内容，使用Cochrane协作网提供的RevMan5．0软件进行Meta分析。结果：共纳入9项RCT，合计555例患者。Meta分析结果显示：（1）拉坦前列素滴眼液与噻吗心安滴眼液降眼压效果，在2，6，12wk时差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．01），加权平均差（WMD）分别为：在2wk[WMD＝-0．76，95％CI（-1．32，-0．20）]，在6wk[WMD＝-1．15，95％CI（-1．68，0．63）]和12wk[WMD＝-1．01，95％CI（-1．42，-0．61）]。（2）随访结束时，结膜充血、异物感为拉坦前列素的两种较为常见的不良反应，但其发生率拉坦前列素组与噻吗心安组比较，结膜充血的发生率[OR＝2．25，95％CI（0．99，5．08）]，异物感的发生率[OR＝2．48，95％CI（1．02，6．03）]，显示二者差异均无统计学意义。结论：治疗原发性开角型青光眼和高眼压症，拉坦前列素降眼压效果在用药12wk内较噻吗心安好；两者在12wk内引起结膜充血、异物感、虹膜色素加深、视野损害等的不良反应方面，差异不明显。由于纳入研究的样本量偏小，且方法学质量中等，致使本系统评价结果论证强度不高，因此还需要开展更多的高质量的临床随机对照研究，以便更客观、准确、全面地评价其疗效和安全性。

简介：AIM:Toexploretheeffectofsaturatedhydrogensalineonbluelight-inducedretinaldamageinrats.·METHODS:Theretinaldamageofratswasinducedbybluelightexposurefor6hoursandexamined8hours,16hoursand24hoursaftertheexposure.OnehundredfemaleSprague-Dawleyratswererandomlydividedintofourgroups.Group1included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithoutanyothertreatment.Group2included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithintraperitonealinjectionofnormalsaline.Group3included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithintraperitonealinjectionofsaturatedhydrogensaline.AndGroup4includedtheother10ratswhichdidnotreceiveanytreatment.Theamountofintraperitonealinjectionofsaturatedhydrogensalineandnormalsalinewascalculatedintheratioof1ml/100gofratweight.SpecimenswerecollectedandprocessedbyH-Estaining,ultrastructureobservation,biochemicalmeasurement.Morphologicalchangeswereobservedbylightmicroscopeandtransmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM)andtheretinalouternuclearlayer(ONL)thicknesswasmeasuredbyIPP6.0,whilethemalondialdehyde(MDA)wasmeasuredbycolorimetricdeterminationat532nm.·RESULTS:AlthoughthestructureofretinainGroup1andGroup2wasinjuredheavily,theinjuryinGroup3wasmild.ThedifferencesbetweenGroup1andGroup2werenotsignificant.ComparedwiththeratsinGroup1andGroup2,theonesinGroup3hadmoreclearlydemarcatedretinastructureandmoreorderedcellsbylightmicroscopeandTEMobservation.TheONLthicknesses(400times)offourgroupsateachtimepointexceptbetweenGroup1andGroup2weresignificantlydifferent(P<0.05).ThethicknessesoftheONLinGroup1atthreetimepointswere30.41±4.04μm,26.11±2.82μmand20.63±1.06μm,inGroup2were31.62±4.54μm,25.08±3.63μmand19.07±3.86μm,inGroup3were29.75±3.62μm,28.83±1.97μmand27.61±1.83μm.InGroup4themeanofthethicknesswas37.35±1.37μm.Astimewentby,thedamageg

简介：AIM:Anaerobicbacteriacancauseocularinfections.WetestedtheOxyPlateTMAnaerobicSystem(OXY)toisolatepertinentanaerobicbacteriathatcancauseoculardisease.METHODS:OXY,whichdoesnotrequiredirectanaerobicconditions(i.e.bags,jars),wascomparedtoconventionalisolationofincubatingculturemediainanaerobicbags.Standardcoloniescountswereperformedonanaerobicocularbacterialisolatesunderaerobicandanaerobicconditions(anaerobicbags)usingagarmedia:1)OXY(aerobiconly),2)5%sheepblood(SB),3)Chocolate,and4)Schaedler.Thebacteriatestedwerede-identifiedocularisolatesculturedfromendophthalmitisanddacryocystitisthatinclude10Propionibacteriumacnesand3Actinomycesspecies.Thecolonycountsforeachbacteriaisolate,oneachculturingcondition,wererankedfromlargesttosmallest,andnon-parametricallycomparedtodeterminethebestculturingcondition.RESULTS:Allanaerobicconditionswerepositiveforalloftheanaerobicisolates.SBandSchaedler’sagarunderaerobicconditionsdidnotsupportthegrowthofanaerobicbacteria.SparsegrowthwasnotedonchocolateagarwithPropionibacteriumacnes.Asananaerobicsystem,SBinananaerobicbagisolatedhighercolonycountsthanOXY(P=0.0028)andchocolateagar(P=0.0028).CONCLUSION:AlthoughOXYdidnottesttobemoreefficientthanotheranaerobicsystems,itappearstobeareasonablealternativeforisolatinganaerobicbacteriafromocularsites.Theuseofanagarmediuminaspeciallydesignedplate,withouttherequirementofananaerobicbag,renderedOXYasanadvantageoverotheranaerobicsystems.

简介：AIM:TodiscusstheimpactofLyciumBarbarumPolysaccharide(LBP)andDanshensupurifiedfromTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)onvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF)ofrabbitswithretinalneovascularization.METHODS:Fortyrabbitsweredividedintonormalcontrolgroup,modelcontrolgroup,LBPgroupandDanshensugroup.Animalsinthenormalcontrolgroupwerefedinthenormaloxygenenvironment.Animalsintheotherthreegroupswereputintotheenvironmentwith70%oxygenfor5daysinordertobuildthemodelofoxygen-inducedvascularproliferationretinopathy.AndthendifferentTCMextractwasinjectedintotheabdominalcavitiesoftheseannimals.After7days,theVEGFcontentofintheserumofrabbitwasmeasuredbydoubleantibodysandwichmethod.RESULTS:DataanalysisindicatedthatVEGFcontentwasasfollows:Danshensugroupwaslowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.05);LBPgroupandnormalcontrolgroupwerelowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/L,9.26±1.61ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.01);totalbloodviscosity,plasmaviscosity,cholesterolcontent,fibrinogencontentandtriacylglycerolcontentafterperitonealinjectionofLBPandDanshensuwereobviouslylowerthanbeforeinjection.CONCLUSION:TCMextract-LBPandDanshensucanprominentlyreducethecontentofVEGFintheprocessofvascularproliferativeretinopathyofrabbit;canpreventtheoccurrenceofretinalmicrovasculardiseasebyimprovingpartialoxygen-deficientenvironmentoraffectingallkindsofnewgrowthfactor.

简介：AIM:TopresenttheresultsofimplantationofIakymenkokeratoprosthesisinfivepatientswithvascularizedcornealleukomacausedbysevereocularinjury.·METHODS:Iakymenkokeratoprosthesiswasimplantedinto5eyesof5patients:4patientsweresufferedfromchemicalburnsand1patientfromexplosiveinjury.Thepreoperativevisualacuityrangedfromlightperceptiontohandmotion.Theimplantationsurgerywascomposedoftwo-stageprocedures.Thefollow-upperiodwasfrom9monthsto11years.Theoutcomemeasureswerevisualacuity,retention,andcomplicationsofthekeratoprosthesis.·RESULTS:Visionimprovementswereachievedinmostpatients.Allkeratoprosthesiswereretainedwithinthefollow-upperiod.Cornealmeltingoccurredinonepatientandfibrousclosureinanotherpatient,bothofwhichweresuccessfullytreated.Retinaldetachmentoccurredinonepatientaftersurgery.·CONCLUSION:Iakymenkokeratoprosthesisseemstobeapromisingalternativeforthepatientswithseverecornealinjury,butfurtherinvestigationisneededtoevaluatetheroleofIakymenkokeratoprosthesis.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethefrequencyofidiopathicphacodonesis(IP)insenilecataractsubjectsandtheshort-termclinicaloutcomesfollowingcataractsurgery.METHODS:Thisinstitutionalcase-controlstudyincluded1301consecutivelow-incomecataractsubjectsfromJunetoNovember2009.Anteriorsegmentwerecarefullyevaluatedwithdilatedpupilunderslit-lamp.IPwerescreenedandgradedbyacriteriasetbytheauthors.Riskfactors,surgicaloutcomes,andoperativecomplicationswereanalyzed.RESULTS:Atotalof42subjects(3.2%)withIPwerediagnosedandclassifiedasgrade1(36subjects),grade2(5subjects)andgrade3(1subject).HarderlensesandintumescentcataractswereobservedintheIPgroupthanthecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Logisticsregressiontestalsoindicatedthemainriskfactorwasthehardnessofthelens.Theincidenceofzonulardialysisduringsurgerywas23.8%(10eyes),whichwassignificantlyhigherthanthecontrols(0.7%,P<0.001).Visualoutcomesofthetwogroupswerenotstatisticallyorclinicallysignificant.CONCLUSION:HardnucleusandintumescentcataractarerelatedtoIPinsenilecataractsubjectsinQinghai,China.Withmorecarebeingtaken,grade1andsomeofthegrade2IPsubjectsachievedsimilarsurgicaloutcomesascomparedtocontrols.

简介：<正>DirSir,IamdoctorGuo-YuanYang,fromtheDepartmentofOphthalmologyofWestChinaHospitalofSichuanUniversityinChengdu,SichuanProvince,China.Iwritetopresentacasereportofposteriorlentiglobuswithcataract.

简介：AIM:Toevaluatechangesintheanteriorchamberdepth(ACD),crystallinelensthickness(LT)anditsrefractivepowerafterlaserinsitukeratomileusis(LASIK).·METHODS:Inallcases,thepreoperativeandpostoperativecentralACDwhichweremeasuredwithPentacam,Orbscan,IOL-MasterandA-scanultrasonography,centralcornealtruenetpowerwhichwasmeasuredwiththePentacam,OrbscanandIOL-Master,axiallength(AL)whichwasmeasuredwithIOL-MasterandLTwhichwasmeasuredwiththeA-scanultrasonographywerecomparedusingthepairedsamplettest.OcularrefractiveerrorsandlensrefractivepoweratcornealplanewerecalculatedandtheircorrelationswerealsoevaluatedbeforeandafterLASIK.RESULTS:At1weekafterLASIK,LTandcrystallinelensrefractivepoweratcornealplane(Dlens)whichwereassociatedwiththeIOL-MasterandPentacamincreasedsignificantly(P≤0.005),ACDdecreasedsignificantly(P≤0.001),butnosignificantincreasewasobservedintheDlenswhichwasassociatedwiththeOrbscan(P=0.261).SignificantcorrelationsbetweenthechangesintheocularrefractiveerrorsandDlenswhichwereassociatedwiththePentacamwereobservedat1weekand6monthsafterLASIK(P=0.028;P=0.001).CONCLUSION:LTincreasedsignificantlyafterLASIK,andthismightpartiallyleadtoACDdecrease,Dlensincreaseandasmallquantityofmyopicregression.

简介：AIM:ToexploretheinhibitoryeffectofasustainedcyclosporinA(CsA)deliverymicrosphere(CsA-MS)onposteriorcapsularopacification(PCO)inrabbiteyesaftercataractextraction.·METHODS:TwentyNewZealandwhiterabbitsacceptedcataractextractionplusintraocularlensimplantationandtheirlefteyeswereintraoperativelyinjectedCsA-MSpreparedusingpolymerpolylactioglycolicacid(PLGA)asacarrierandtheirrighteyeswereinjectedwithemptyMS.Thechangesincornea,anteriorchamberreaction,intraocularpressure,PCOandCsAconcentrationinaqueoushumorwereexaminedpostoperativelyandalltheeyeswereenucleated3monthsaftersurgeryforhistopathologicalandmorphologicalexaminationwithlightmicroscopyandelectronmicroscopy.·RESULTS:Conjunctivalhyperemia,cornealedema,intraocularpressureandanteriorchamberresponseofexperimentalandcontroleyesweresimilar,whilePCOinCsAMSinjectedeyeswasgreatlyimprovedcomparedwiththatincontroleyes.PosteriorcapsulesinCsA-MSinjectedeyesweresmoothandlensepithelialcells(LEC)didnotproliferatesignificantly(P>0.05),whileLECinposteriorcapsuleofcontroleyeshaddifferentdegreesofproliferationandcorticalregeneration.LECinCsA-MSinjectedeyeswerenotfunctionallyactiveandunderwentapoptosis,whereasLECincontroleyeswerefunctionallyactive(F-test,P=0.025).Inaddition,thecornealultrastructureshowednodifferencesbetweenCsA-MSandMSinjectedeyes.CONCLUSION:CsA-MShashighbioavailabilityinrabbiteyesandcouldinhibitpostoperativePCOoccurrenceanddevelopmentduringthestudyperiod,suggestingthatCsA-MSmaybeapromising,effectiveandsafeadministrationroutetopreventPCOinclinic.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheefficacyofnon-buckledvitrectomywithclassicalendotamponadeagentsinthetreatmentofprimaryretinaldetachment(RD)complicatedbyinferiorbreaksandproliferativevitreoretinophathy(PVR).METHODS:Aretrospective,consecutiveandcaseseriesstudyof40patientswithinferiorbreakRDandPVR≥C1wasconducted.Allpatientsunderwentastandard3-port20-gaugeparsplanavitrectomy(PPV)withgasorsiliconeoiltamponadewithoutsupplementaryscleralbuckling.Thevitreousandallproliferativemembranewerecompletelyremoved,andretinectomywasperformedwhennecessary.Themeanfollow-upwas12.5months.Theprimaryandfinalanatomicsuccessrate,visualacuityandcomplicationswererecordedandanalyzed.RESULTS:Primaryanatomicsuccessratewasachievedin35of40eyes(87.5%)andthefinalanatomicsuccessratewas100%.ThemostcommoncauseofredetachmentwasrecurrentPVR.Thebest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)atfinalfollow-upwasimprovedin34eyes(85%),remainedstablein1eye(2.5%),andworsenedin5eyes(12.5%).Themeanvisualacuityatfinalfollow-upwasimprovedsignificantly(P=0.000).CONCLUSION:ThisretrospectivestudyprovidesevidencethatvitrectomywithoutscleralbucklingseemedtobeaneffectivetreatmentforinferiorbreakRDwithPVR.Withcompleteremovalofvitreousandproliferativemembranesandtimingofretinectomy,theinferiorbreakswhichcomplicatedwithPVRcouldbeclosedsuccessfullywithoutadditionalscleralbuckling.

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatetheeffectofY-27632onthesurvivalandneuriteoutgrowthoftheculturedretinalneurocytes.METHODS:Afterthepostnatalday2-3,Sprague-Dawleyretinalneurocyteswereculturedfor48hours,theculturemediawasreplacedwithserum-freemedia(controlgroup)andserum-freemediacontained30μmol/LY-27632(Y-27632group),andthecellswerecontinuallyculturedanother48hours.Theculturedretinalneurocyteswereidentifiedwithanti-neuronspecificenolase(NSE)immunocytochemistry.ThesurvivalstateofthosecellswasestimatedbyMTTassay,andtheneuriteoutgrowthofthosecellswasevaluatedbythecomputerizedimage-analysissystem.RESULTS:Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,theabsorbancevaluesofcellssurvivalinY-27632groupincreased12.90%and33.33%respectivelyafter72and96hoursculture.Y-27632hadnosignificanteffectonthediameterofculturedretinalneurocytes.Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,Y-27632inducedastableimprovementofneuriteoutgrowthofretinalneurocytesafter72and96hoursculture(P=0.001).CONCLUSION:Y-27632couldpromotethesurvivalandneuriteoutgrowthoftheearlypostnatalculturedretinalneurocytes.

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheepidemiologic,anatomic,andclinicalfeaturesofopenglobeinjuriesinchildren.METHODS:Themedicalfilesofpatientsundertheageof16whohadbeenoperatedforanopenglobeinjuryatAkdenizUniversityHospital’sDepartmentofOphthalmologywereretrospectivelyevaluated.RESULTS:Atotalof90patientswereevaluatedinthisstudy.Amongthesepatients,26(28.9%)werefemaleand64(71.1%)weremale.Themeanageofthepatientswas7.7±4.2years.Themale/femaleratiowasobservedtoincreasewithincreasingage(P=0.006,P=7.48).Injuriesweremostlikelytooccurinspringandautumn(P=0.028).Thetimeintervalbetweentheinjuryandthesurgicalrepairwas9.36±27.4h.Forty(44.4%)oftheinjuriesoccurredinthehome,27(30%)occurredintheyard,and21(23.3%)happenedwhileplayinginthestreet.Themostcommoncausesofinjuryweresharpmetalobjects(P<0.001).Injurytothecorneaoccurredin47(52.2%)ofthepatients(P<0.001).Themostcommoncomplicationtooccurwascataractformation.Additionaloperationswerenecessaryfor37(41.1%)ofthepatients.Thefinalvisualacuitywascorrelatedwithboththeinitialvisualacuityofthewoundedeyepriortosurgeryandthelengthofthewound(P<0.001,r=0.502andP<0.001,r=-0.442,respectively).CONCLUSION:Openglobeinjuriesthataresufferedinchildhoodgenerallyoccureitherathome,intheyard,oronthestreet,withsharpmetalobjectsbeingthemostcommoncauseofinjury.Theinitialvisualacuityandthelengthofthewoundarethemostimportantdeterminantsofthefinalvisualacuity.

简介：AIM:Tocharacterizetemporalpatternofresolutionandrecurrenceofnaivechoroidalneovascularization(CNV)secondarytowetage-relatedmaculardegeneration(AMD)treatedwithintravitrealbevacizumabonasneededregimen,andtoanalyzebaselineriskfactorsforCNVresolutionorrecurrence.METHODS:Ninety-oneeyesof80patientswithnewlydiagnosedwetAMDwereretrospectivelystudied.Alleyesweretreatedwitharoundofthreemonthlyintravitrealbevacizumabinjections,followedbyoneadditional’bonus’injectionafterresolutionofCNVactivity.Duringfollow-up,eyesweremonitoredwithfluoresceinangiography,opticalcoherencetomography,andbest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA).IncaseofrecurrencesofCNVactivity,eyeswereretreatedwithotherroundsofbevacizumabinjectionsfollowingthesametreatmentprotocol.RESULTS:Overamedianfollow-upof532d,themedianresolutiontimeofCNVactivityinthefirst,second,andthirdtreatmentroundwas98d,126d,and111d,respectively.Themedianrecurrencetimeforthethreeroundswas154d,126d,and151d,respectively.Nosignificantdifferenceinresolutiontime(P=0.09)orinrecurrencetime(P=0.11)wasdetectedamongtreatmentrounds.Age(P=0.0082)andlensstatus(P=0.035)werefoundtobeassociatedwithCNVresolution;forevery1-yearincreaseinagetherewas4%greaterchanceofCNVresolution;Phakiceyesdemonstrateda33%betterchancetoexperienceCNVresolutionthanpseudophakiceyes.ForCNVrecurrence,lensstatus(P=0.0009)andgender(P=0.0446)werefoundtobepredictive;pseudophakiceyeshada3.69-foldgreaterrisktoexperiencerecurrenceofCNVactivitycomparedtophakiceyes;maleshada2.19-foldgreaterrisktoexperiencerecurrenceofCNVactivitythanfemales.NosignificantBCVAchangesamongthreetreatmentroundswerenoted(P=0.56).CONCLUSION:ResolutiontimeandrecurrencetimeofCNVactivitywerenotsignificantlydifferentamongtreatmentrounds,suggestingabsenceoftachyphylaxistobevacizumab.Acautiousdecisionshouldbemadeupondisco

简介：AIM:ToevaluatetheefficacyofSeprafilmtransplantationfollowingadhesiolysisforpreventingpostoperativereadhesionandimprovingsurgicaloutcomes.METHODS:Primaryblepharoplastywascarriedoutonbotheyelidsof18albinorabbits.After2weeks,anewskinincisionwasmade,andadhesiolysiswasperformedonbotheyelids.Therabbitswerecategorizedintotwogroups,onewithadhesiolysisaloneinthelefteyelid(controlgroup),andtheotherwithadhesiolysiswithaSeprafilmgraftintherighteyelid(Seprafilmgroup).Thedegreesofinflammationandfibrosiswereexaminedwithhematoxylin-eosin(HE)andMasson’strichromestains.Expressionofα-smoothmuscleactin(α-SMA)wasalsoimmunohistochemicallyexamined.RESULTS:Eyelidexaminationimmediatelyaftertheoperationrevealedmildswellingandhemorrhageinbothgroups,butthesesymptomsresolvedafter1week-2weeks,andeyelidshapehadrecoveredcompletelyinbothgroups.MicroscopicassessmentsdemonstratedthattheSeprafilmgroupshowedlessinflammationandfibrosisthanthecontrolgroup.TheSeprafilmgroupalsoexhibitedfewerα-SMA-positivecellsthanthecontrolgroup.CONCLUSION:Basedonthesefindings,weconcludethatSeprafilmgraftwithadhesiolysisisaneffectivemethodforpreventingpostoperativereadhesionsaftereyelidsurgery.