学科分类
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500 个结果
  • 简介:AIM:Toestimatetheprevalenceandriskfactorsforvitreousfloatersinthegeneralpopulation.·METHODS:Anelectronicsurveywasadministeredthroughasmartphoneappaskingvariousdemographicandhealthquestions,includingwhetherusersexperiencefloatersintheirfieldofvision.Multivariatelogisticregressionanalysiswasusedtodetermineriskfactors.·RESULTS:Atotalof603individualscompletedthesurvey,with76%reportingthattheyseefloaters,and33%reportingthatfloaterscausednoticeableimpairmentinvision.Myopeswere3.5timesmorelikely(P=0.0004),andhyperopes4.4timesmorelikely(P=0.0069)toreportmoderatetoseverefloaterscomparedtothosewithnormalvision.Floaterprevalencewasnotsignificantlyaffectedbyrespondentage,race,gender,andeyecolor.·CONCLUSION:Vitreousfloaterswerefoundtobeaverycommonphenomenoninthisnon-clinicalgeneralpopulationsample,andmorelikelytobeimpairinginmyopesandhyperopes.

  • 标签: VITREOUS FLOATERS MYOPIA SURVEY FLOATERS age
  • 简介:AIM:Toinvestigatetheefficacyofnon-buckledvitrectomywithclassicalendotamponadeagentsinthetreatmentofprimaryretinaldetachment(RD)complicatedbyinferiorbreaksandproliferativevitreoretinophathy(PVR).METHODS:Aretrospective,consecutiveandcaseseriesstudyof40patientswithinferiorbreakRDandPVR≥C1wasconducted.Allpatientsunderwentastandard3-port20-gaugeparsplanavitrectomy(PPV)withgasorsiliconeoiltamponadewithoutsupplementaryscleralbuckling.Thevitreousandallproliferativemembranewerecompletelyremoved,andretinectomywasperformedwhennecessary.Themeanfollow-upwas12.5months.Theprimaryandfinalanatomicsuccessrate,visualacuityandcomplicationswererecordedandanalyzed.RESULTS:Primaryanatomicsuccessratewasachievedin35of40eyes(87.5%)andthefinalanatomicsuccessratewas100%.ThemostcommoncauseofredetachmentwasrecurrentPVR.Thebest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)atfinalfollow-upwasimprovedin34eyes(85%),remainedstablein1eye(2.5%),andworsenedin5eyes(12.5%).Themeanvisualacuityatfinalfollow-upwasimprovedsignificantly(P=0.000).CONCLUSION:ThisretrospectivestudyprovidesevidencethatvitrectomywithoutscleralbucklingseemedtobeaneffectivetreatmentforinferiorbreakRDwithPVR.Withcompleteremovalofvitreousandproliferativemembranesandtimingofretinectomy,theinferiorbreakswhichcomplicatedwithPVRcouldbeclosedsuccessfullywithoutadditionalscleralbuckling.

  • 标签: RETINAL DETACHMENT INFERIOR RETINAL BREAK PROLIFERATIVE
  • 简介:AIM:Todeterminethehistopathologicalchangesofrifampicinappliedintravitreallyonretinalganglioncellsbymeansofstereologicalandhistopathologicalmethods.METHODS:Forthisstudytwenty-fourNewZealandadultrabbitsweredividedintofourgroups(n=6foreachgroup).50μg/0.1mL(group1),100μg/0.1mL(group2),150μg/0.1mL(group3)and200μg/0.1mL(group4),rifampicinwereinjectedintothevitreousoftherighteyesofanimals,theirlefteyeswereusedascontrol(group5).Afterthe28thdayofapplication,animalswereanesthetisedwithxylazine(8mg/kg,IM)andthentheireyeswereenucleatedimmediately.Patternsweretakenawayandeyeswerepreparedforbothstereologicalandelectromicroscopicobservation.RESULTS:Dependingonthehighdoseofrifampicin,somehistopathologicalchangessuchascytoplasmicdilatationanddamagedmembranewereobservedontheelectromicroscopiclevel.Usingquantitativeexamination,whichwasdoneatthelightmicroscopiclevel,itwasshownthatthenumberofneuronsdecreasedlinearlyasrifampicindoseincreasedwhencomparedwiththecontrolgroup.CONCLUSION:Basedonthesefindings,low-doserifampicin(50μg/0.1mL)maybeusefulfortreatmentoftheoculardiseases.

  • 标签: RIFAMPICIN STEREOLOGY HISTOPATHOLOGY GANGLION cells
  • 简介:目的:分析玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德术后继发性青光眼发生危险因素。方法:对连续收治256例有玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德适应证各类眼底病患者实施单次玻璃腔注射4mg/0.1mL曲安奈德手术,观察其术后眼压变化情况。主要适应证包括湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性,其它原因如糖尿病性视网膜病变、视网膜中央静脉阻塞、视网膜分支静脉阻塞,视网膜静脉周围炎等引起黄斑水肿性疾病。结果:256例256眼经至少3mo追踪观察随访,56眼发生继发性青光眼,发病21.9%。结论:继发性青光眼与年龄、性别、血压、糖尿病、玻璃体腔注药术不同适应证、术前是否行白内障手术、是否行光动力治疗、是否行玻璃体切除手术等因素没有相关性。注药前青光眼病史存在基础眼压高于19mmHg等情况术后继发性青光眼显著危险因素。

  • 标签: 曲安奈德 继发性青光眼 并发症
  • 简介:AIM:Todescribethedesignandpreliminaryresultsofthehospitalbasedepidemiologicalstudyfordiabeticretinopathy(HBESDR),anongoingepidemiologicalstudytoestimatetheprevalenceofdiabeticretinopathy(DR)andtoelucidatetheclinical,anthropometric,biochemicalandanyotherriskfactorsassociatedwithdiabeticretinopathy.METHODS:Totally2000diabeteswillberecruitedfromtheDiabeteseyeclinicintheFirstAffiliatedHospitalofChinaMedicalUniversity.AllsubjectsunderwentbloodsugarestimationandOralGlucoseToleranceTesttodiagnosediabetes.Alldiabeteswouldundergocompletequestionnaire,acomprehensiveeyeexamination.Bloodandurinewouldbecollectedforbiochemicalinvestigations.AllfundusphotographsforanyDRwillbegraded.Participantswhoneedtreatmentwillbesenttotheophthalmicclinicandfollow-upintervalprogramforallsubjectswillbesuggested.Acomputerizeddatabaseiscreatedfortherecords.RESULTS:Todate,1174diabeteshavebeenrecruited,therewere350(29.81%)DRinalldiabetes,mostofthemwerewithmildnon-proliferativediabeticretinopathy(NPDR)(139,39.71%);71(20.29%)moderateNPDR,66(18.86%)severeNPDR,74(21.14%)proliferativediabeticretinopathy(PDR).Females,longerdurationofdiabetes,familyhistoryofdiabetesandhypertensionhadastatisticallysignificantincreaseinriskofanyDR.CONCLUSION:ThestudyisexpectedtoprovideanestimateoftheoverallprevalenceofDRandtheprevalencewithdifferentdurationofdiabetesandalsoabetterunderstandingoftheriskfactorsassociatedwithDR.

  • 标签: DIABETIC RETINOPATHY PREVALENCE epidemiolo-gical STUDY
  • 简介:目的探讨危重症小组干预模式在降低住院患者夜间外出不归发生应用。方法2015年7月-12月,我院危重症小组以"降低住院患者夜间外出不归发生"为主题,开展为期6个月品管圈活动,探讨降低住院患者夜间外出不归方法。结果住院患者夜间外出不归由实施品管圈方案前19.8‰降低至实施后6.5‰。结论开展危重症小组干预模式,能降低住院患者夜间外出不归状况,既保证了病人安全,也提高了护理质量。

  • 标签: 小组干预 外出不归 安全管理
  • 简介:如今,随着人们对视觉功能认识日益增强,视觉功能检查在临床科研应用也越来越广。在临床,除了眼科视光学常规检查外,视觉功能检查也非常重要。它是眼视光医师日常诊治基本手段,主要分为常规视觉功能临床检查基于心理物理学实验室测量两种。两种方法各有特点,它们适当结合分工,能使视觉功能检查更全面,更恰当地临床及科研服务。

  • 标签: 视觉功能检查 调节 聚散 融像 心理物理学
  • 简介:目的探讨高分辨颞骨CT密度在诊断耳硬化作用。方法分析手术确诊耳硬化患者34例(34耳,病例组)同期确诊周围性面瘫患者33例(对侧正常耳33耳,对照组)颞骨CT扫描纯音听阈测试结果。在0.75mm层厚颞骨CT轴位层面的耳囊周围,手动设置7个兴趣区,测量平均cT值。根据CT表现将耳硬化病例分为2个亚组:A组,CT显示无病理变化;B组,耳蜗区骨密度降低。比较各兴趣区病例组与对照组平均CT值差异,分析病例组CT表现与纯音测听结果关系。结果卵圆窗后缘卵圆窗前缘这两个兴趣区,病例组平均CT值明显低于对照组(卵圆窗后缘t=-2.030,P=0.046;卵圆窗前缘Z=-4.979,P〈0.01)。A组30例,包括传导性聋9例(30%),混合性聋21例(70%);B组4例,包括传导性聋1例(25%),混合性聋3例(75%)。结论耳硬化患者卵圆窗周围骨质CT密度可能发生改变。

  • 标签: 耳硬化 体层摄影术 X线计算机 光密度测定法 测听法
  • 简介:目的:通过多焦视网膜电图(multifocalelectroretinography,mf-ERG)在中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(centralserouschorioretinopathy,CSC)治疗前后观察,提高CSC诊断准确性,并指导临床诊疗,评估预后。方法:设置有比较性CSC观察组双眼正常对照组。观察组有31例CSC患者都是单眼发病,这些患者每只眼(包括患眼与对侧眼)在发病期与恢复期都经过眼科系统检查,包括最佳矫正视力、眼底荧光血管造影、OCTmf-ERG,并记录这些检查数据。对照组有30例,与观察组年龄范围相同,同样做上述检查并记录数据。对两组数据进行对比分析。结果:在CSC发病期,mf-ERG显示患眼平均视网膜振幅密度在1环60.54±18.20nV/degree2,比对照组(110.94±31.20nV/degree2)低45.43%(P〈0.01),在2环38.12±10.81nV/degree2,比对照组(60.91±11.43nV/degree2)低37.42%(P〈0.05)。在恢复期,mf-ERG显示患眼平均视网膜振幅密度在1环93.71±14.13nV/degree2,比对照组(110.94±31.20nV/degree2)低15.53%(P〈0.05);在2环51.16±10.34nV/degree2,比对照组(60.91±11.43nV/degree2)低16.01%(P〈0.05)。另外,我们还发现,观察组31例患者中有8例对侧眼也显示出异常,平均视网膜振幅密度在1环62.41nV/degree2,其余23例患者对侧眼未发现异常。结论:多焦视网膜电图有助于中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变患者临床治疗与随访观察,对中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变患者诊断、病情评估及预后都起着重要作用。

  • 标签: 中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变 多焦视网膜电图
  • 简介:目的探讨在规模化复明工程应用小切口非超声乳化白内障手术环节控制。方法对1888例(1888眼)施行小切口白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶体植入术,分析手术流程及效果。结果术后第一天时,裸眼视力〉=0.5者1056例;占55.93%;〉=0.3者396例,占20.97%;〈0.3者395例,占20.92%;〈0.05者41例,占2.17%。结论在基层条件下充分准备,优化技术管理,在简单条件下充分利用有限卫生资源,可让更多白内障患者脱盲。

  • 标签: 白内障 复明工程 脱盲
  • 简介:AIM:ToinvestigatetheefficacyofFerrararings(FR)implantationinthetreatmentofkeratoconus.METHODS:Itwasaretrospectivecaseseriesdescriptivestudy.Thesamplewascomprisedof50patients79eyesdiagnosedwithprogressivekeratoconus.Thisincluded24(48%)malesand26(52%)femalesbetweentheageof13and44years.AllparticipantsunderwentsurgicalimplantationofFRintheperiodbetweenJanuary2009andSeptember2010atJordanUniversityHospital.Thoroughophthalmologicexaminationswereappliedtomeasurevitalvariablesforeachpathologicalconditionbeforeandaftersurgery.RESULTS:Findingsindicatedanoverallsignificantpostoperativeimprovementinbothuncorrectedvisualacuity(UCVA)andbestspectaclecorrectedvisualacuity(BSCVA)throughoutfollowupvisits.Moreover,resultsillustratedasignificantdecreaseinsphericalequivalent(SE)andkeratometricreadings(lower,higherandtheaverage).CONCLUSION:Surgicalinterventionstrategiesarebeingfrequentlydevelopedtomeettheneedsofpatientswithkeratoconus.TheimplantationofFerrararingshasproventobeasafeandfeasiblealternativeprocedureforthetreatmentofmild-moderatekeratoconusespeciallyforpatientswithcontactlensesintolerance.Wehavefoundthatthisprocedurehasimprovedvisualoutcomesinalleyesstudied.Nevertheless,furtherresearchisneededtoinvestigatelongtermoutcomes.

  • 标签: CORNEA KERATOCONUS Ferrara RINGS intracorneal RING
  • 简介:AIM:Toevaluatetheefficacy,safetyandstabilityofposteriorchamberphakicintraocularlensimplantationforthecorrectionofhighmyopia.METHODS:Retrospectivecasereviewof82eyes(43patients)undergoingimplantableColiamerlens(ICL)placementbyasinglesurgeon(Xiao-WeiGao)tocorrectpreoperativemeansphericalequivalentsbetween-9.00diopter(D)and-23.00D.Mainoutcomemeasuresincludeduncorrectedvisualacuity(UCVA),refraction,bestspectacle-correctedvisualacuity(BSCVA),endothelialcelldensity(ECD),intraocularpressure(IOP),lenstransparency,postoperativeuveitis.Visanteanteriorsegmentopticalcoherencetomography(AS-OCT)wasusedtomeasureanteriorchamberdepth(ACD)andthepositionofICL.RESULTS:Meanfollow-upwas6.54±3.26months(range3-12months).Predictabilityofthemanifestsphericalequivalent(SE)refractiontowithin±1.OODwasachievedin88%ofeyesand±0.50Din72.5%ofeyes.ThemeanpostoperativemanifestSErefractionwas-1.85±0.72D,with96.34%ofeyesmaintainingorgaining≥1line(s)ofBSCVA.Themean3-monthpostoperativeECDdecreasedbuthadnostatisticallydifferencecomparedwiththepreoperativeECD.Ofthe7eyes(8.54%)withamildtransientincreaseinintraocularpressure(upto30mmHg),nonerequiredasecondsurgicalprocedureorprolongedtopicalmedication.Therewasnolossoflenstransparency.Pigmentedprecipitateswereobservedin5eyes(6.09%).ThemeanpreoperativeACDmeasuredwithAS-OCTwas3.28±0.14mm,threemonthsaftersurgery,themeanACDwas2.45±0.22mm.Anteriorchamberdepthshowedastatisticallysignificantreduction.Oneeye(1.22%)hadICLspontaneousrotation,81eyes(98.78%)ofthelensremainedcorrectlycentered.CONCLUSION:TheimplantationofICLisaneffectivesurgicaloptionforthemanagementofhighmyopia.Butitslongtimeeffectandsafetystillneedmoretimetoprove.

  • 标签: PHAKIC INTRAOCULAR LENS LENS IMPLANTATION MYOPIA
  • 简介:3.加强县级综合医院眼科能力建设,发挥其作为基层防盲治盲技术指导中心作用。鼓励城市三级医院眼科、眼科医院与县级综合医院眼科建立紧密合作关系,通过技术指导、人员培训等方式,使县级综合医院眼科具备常见眼病诊治急诊处理能力,落实双向转诊。

  • 标签: 防盲治盲 县级综合医院 眼科医院 急诊处理能力 能力建设 三级医院
  • 简介:目的通过检测FasFasL在鼻息肉表达,研究细胞凋亡Fas/FasL系统在鼻息肉发病机制作用.方法用免疫组化方法检测FasFasL在35例鼻息肉17例正常下鼻甲组织表达.对FasFasL阳性细胞类型、分布特点进行分析.结果1.FasFasL在鼻息肉组织表达均较正常下鼻甲组织明显增强,差异有显著性.2.Fas在上皮细胞间质细胞中都有阳性表达,主要表达于息肉表面的上皮细胞间质内炎性细胞.结论1.Fas/FasL系统介导凋亡在鼻息肉发病机制中有重要作用,可能是鼻息肉长期保持良性增生重要因素.2.FasL在鼻息肉上皮细胞高表达与上皮细胞过度增生及Fas/FasL系统免疫监视作用有关.

  • 标签: 鼻息肉组织 高表达 FAS/FASL系统 上皮细胞 正常 下鼻甲
  • 简介:目的:观察分析角膜塑形镜治疗后角膜形态变化,评估角膜塑形镜治疗后光学区偏离中心对控制近视影响。方法:回顾性临床研究。对134例134眼近视患儿配戴角膜塑形镜矫治近视,平均年龄10.66±1.79岁,均取右眼数据进行研究。分别在戴镜前及戴镜后3、6、12、18、24mo检查视力、眼轴和角膜地形图。使用SPSS19.0进行统计学分析。结果:戴镜后3、6、12、18、24mo光学区偏瞳孔中心距离分别为0.84±0.45、0.77±0.40、0.79±0.41、0.78±0.41、0.79±0.42mm,差异无统计学意义(F=1.187,P=0.319)。戴镜24mo后平均光学区偏中心距离0.79±0.35mm,眼轴增长均值0.32±0.30mm。戴镜24mo后平均偏中心距离轻度(<0.5mm)、中度(0.5~1.0mm)、重度(>1.0mm)眼轴增长分别为0.45±0.34、0.32±0.28、0.23±0.29mm,差异有统计学意义(F=3.825,P=0.024)。戴镜后平均偏中心距离眼轴增长经线性回归分析,其线性关系有统计学意义(F=7.246,P=0.008),线性回归方程Y=0.478-0.194X。戴镜24mo后,18眼有重影,其偏中心距离均值1.18±0.36mm;116眼无重影,其偏中心距离均值0.73±0.31mm,偏中心距离比较差异有统计学意义(t=5.59,P<0.01)。结论:光学区偏中心距离在角膜塑形镜治疗3mo后趋于稳定,且对控制近视效果视觉质量有影响。

  • 标签: 近视 角膜塑形镜 眼轴
  • 简介:目的:观察美尔瑞片(中草药灯盏细辛)对眼压控制后青光眼是否具有视神经保护作用.方法:对99例(113眼)眼压已控制原发性开角型青光眼及闭角型青光眼进行多中心、前瞻性、随机、双盲对照临床研究,观察口服美尔瑞片6mo后对视野疗效,本研究采用VFDS视野缺损计分法,从0(无缺损)至20(所有检测点均不可测出).结果:美尔瑞治疗组55例(66眼),安慰剂对照组44例(47眼),治疗前及治疗后2,4,6mo2组眼压均<15mmHg,2组间同一时期眼压无显著性差异(P>0.05).服美尔瑞2,4,6mo后VFDS净减值分别为0.44±1.60,1.27±2.16及1.42±2.37,呈现随治疗时间延长,视野缺损逐渐好转趋势.对照组2,4,6mo后VFDS净减计分值分别为-0.02±1.5,0.68±1.730.40±1.57.VFDS净减值两组间同一时期比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),治疗6mo后有高度显著性差异(P<0.01).结论:灯盏细辛可用于治疗青光眼性视神经病变,有助于扩大/保持视野.

  • 标签: 灯盏细辛 治疗 青光眼 临床研究 美尔瑞片
  • 简介:资料患者男性,35岁。因左侧颈部淋巴结肿大伴皮肤瘙痒半年余就诊。2014年10月血常规:嗜酸性粒细胞计数4.78×109/L,百分比为43.01%。入院体格检查:左侧颈部及双侧腹股沟可扪及多枚肿大淋巴结,最大约1.5cm×3.0cm,质,表面光滑,活动可,无压痛。左侧额部可见条索状隆起血管。入院血常规:嗜酸性粒细胞计数4.70×109/L,百分比达到35.8%。

  • 标签: 木村病 左侧颈部 颈部肿块 双侧腹股沟 左侧额 肿大淋巴结