简介:1咽喉恶性肿瘤早期诊断困难的原因咽喉恶性肿瘤早期诊断困难,患者就诊时病变常侵犯临近组织结构,不仅预后不良,而且手术常导致吞咽及发声功能丧失,严重影响患者生活质量。影像学检查,如CT和MRI在判断病变范围和颈淋巴结转移检查上发挥主要作用,而对于发生在黏膜表层的早期癌变事件则很难奏效.
简介:Aratmodelofchronictympanicmembraneperforationwasdevelopedtobeusedinthesearchofnewmaterialsforthesealingoftheseperforations.AlongitudinalstudywascarriedoutinratssubjectedtoincisionalmyringotomyfollowedbytheapplicationofmitomycinCaloneorwithdexamethasone.Ratswerecheckedatdays3,7,10,14andweeklythereafteruntilperforationclosure,forupto6months.Theadditionofdexamethasoneisakeycomponentinordertoobtainachronicopening.Myringotomiestreatedwithsalinehadameanhealingtimeof8.5days.At8weeks,between62.5%and77.7%oftympanicmembranestreatedwithmitomycinCanddexamethasoneremainedperforatedandat6monthsthisnumberfellto21.4%.Thistechniqueisabletomaintainmosttympanicmembraneperforationspatentforatleast8weeks.Thisratmodelisadequateforitsuseinpreclinicalortranslationalresearch.
简介:Objective:EvaluatingtheauditoryfunctioninpatientswithchronichepatitisCtreatedwithsofosbuvirandribavirin.Methods:Thisstudyinvolved80patientswithchronichepatitisCwhoagreedtoreceivesofosbuvirandribavirin.Allparticipantsweresubjectedtobaselineotologicalandaudiologicalassessmentjustbeforetreatment.Theaudiologicalassessmentincludedstandardpuretoneaudiometry,extendedhighfrequencyaudiometry,immitancemetryandotoacousticemissions(OAEs)(transientanddistortionproduct).Accordingtobaselinehearingthresholdmeasurements,thestudypopulationwasdividedinto2groups.Group1included42patientswithnormalhearingsensitivity(250e8000Hz),andGroup2included38patientswithsensorineuralhearingloss.After24weeksoftherapy,otologicalandaudiologicalassessmentswererepeatedandcomparedbetweenthetwogroupsandbeforeandaftertherapy.Results:Post-treatmenthearingthresholdevaluationshowednosignificantdifferencefrompretreatmentevaluationatalltestedfrequencies.Therewasnostatisticallysignificantdifferencebetweenpreandpost-treatmentotoacousticemissionsresults.Conclusion:TherapywithsofosbuvirandribavirininchronichepatitisChasnonoticeableeffectsoncochlearfunctions.
简介:ObjectiveToconstructaprokaryoticexpressionvectorbearingfusiongeneNT4-ADNF-9forfuturestudiesongenetictherapiesforsensorineuraldeafness.MethodsDoublestrandADNF-9cDNAwassynthesizedusingasymmetricalprimer/templatesandligatedtothe3'terminalofsignalandleaderpeptidesofneurotrophin4(NT4).ThefusiongeneNT4-ADNF-9,wassubclonedintoprokaryoticexpressionvectorpBV220,andnamedpBV220/NT4-ADNF-9.DNAsequenceofthefusiongenewasanalyzed.ThefusionproteinwasisolatedbySDS-PAGEanditsbioactivitywasevaluatedusingprimarycultureofday8chickenembryonicDRGcells.ResultsThecorrectsequenceoffusiongeneNT4-ADNF-9wassuccessfullysubclonedintothepBV220vector.TheexpressedADNF-9proteinshoweditseffectsinpromotingcellsurvivalandneuritegrowth.ConclusionProkaryoticexpressionvectorpBV220/NT4-ADNF-9wasconstructedsuccessfullyandtheexpressedfusionproteindemonstratedsatisfactorybioactivity.
简介:ObjectiveToinvestigatetheearlychangeofcochlearribbonsynapsesoninnerhaircellsinresponsetoaminoglycosideototoxicity.MethodsC57BL/6Jmicereceivedintraperitonealinjectionofgentamicin(100mg/kg/day),andtheapicalcoilorganofCortiwasexaminedonthe4th,7thand10thday(n=10).Litter-mateswithoutgentamicintreatmentservedascontrols(n=10).RIBEYEonthepresynapticmembraneandAMPAreceptorsonthepostsynapticmembranewerelabeledwithCtBP2orGluR2/3respectively.Threedi-mensionreconstructionwasconductedusingthe3DSMAX8.0software.ResultsTherewerenodisruptionsofouterorinnerhaircellsinallgroups.However,thenumberofribbonsynapsesoncochlearinnerhaircellsincreasedsignificantlywithin7daysaftergentamicinexposure(P<0.01),followedbyasignificantde-creaseafter7days.ConclusionDuringtheearlystageofaminoglycosideototoxicity,increasedpopulationofcochlearribbonsynapsesmayindicateasignificantdown-regulationofsynapticfunction.
简介:ObjectiveTostudycharacteristicsofhearinglossafterexposuretomoderatenoiseexposureinC57BL/6Jmice.MethodsMaleC57BL/6Jmicewithnormalhearingatageof5-6weekswerechosenforthisstudy.Themicewererandomlyselectedtobestudiedimmediatelyafterexposure(GroupP0),or1day(GroupP1),3days(GroupP3),7days(GroupP7)or14days(P14)afterexposure.Theirbeforeexposureconditionservedasthenormalcontrol.Allmicewereexposedtoabroad-bandwhitenoiseat100dBSPLfor2hours,ABRthresholdswereusedtoestimatehearingstatusateachtimepoint.ResultsABRthresholdelevationwasseenateverytestedfrequencyatP0(P<0.01).Elevationathigh-frequencies(16kHzand32kHz)wasgreaterthanatlowerfrequencies(4kHzand8kHz,P<0.05).FromP1toP14,ABRthresholdscontinuouslyimproved,andtherewasnosignificantdifferencebetweenP14andbeforeexposure(P>0.05).ConclusionThereisafrequencyspecificresponseto100dBSPLbroad-bandwhitenoiseinC57BL/6Jmice,withthehigh-frequencybeingmoresusceptible.HearinglossinducedbymoderatenoiseexposureappearsreversibleinC57BL/6Jmice.
简介:目的探讨儿童乳突手术的临床特征和手术效果.方法对1985年至2001年期间住院并随诊资料比较完整、行中耳乳突手术的14岁以下的儿童105例(131耳)进行了回顾性分析.男69例(86耳),女36例(45耳).平均初次流脓时间6.05岁,发病至首次手术时间4.25年.随访时间1-18年,平均3.25年.结果仅48耳有明确发病诱因,其中急性中耳炎16耳(333%),居首位;先天性小耳畸形14耳(29.2%),第二位.传统乳突根治术83耳,改良乳突根治+鼓室成形术38耳.两组间干耳率分别为87.95%(73/83)和84.21%(32/38),两组间差异无统计学意义;后者听力平均39.52±12.08dB,明显优于前者(62.52±10.35dB).术后并发症发生率12.2%,其中外耳道狭窄10例(7.6%);面瘫3例(2.3%);脑脊液漏1例(0.76%);淋巴漏并全聋1例(0.76%);出现眩晕等迷路刺激症状6例(4.58%);术后外耳道霉菌感染2例(1.52%);切口细菌感染1例(0.76%).结论儿童中耳乳突手术并发症发生率比较高、干耳率比较低,应慎重.手术方式选择应依据患儿具体情况,采取个体化治疗原则,在可能的情况下选择保留听力的术式.
简介:Objective:Todeterminewhetheranew-bornchildfromafamilycarryingadeafnessgeneneedscochlearimplantationtoavoiddysphoniabyscreeningandsequencingadeafness-relatedgene.Results:BothscreeningandsequencingresultsconfirmedthatthenewbornchildhadanormalGJB2genedespitethefactthatshehasabrothersufferingfromhearinglosstriggeredbyanallelicGJB2c.176del16mutation.WeclonedtheGJB2genesderivedfromtheirrespectivebloodgenomicDNAintoGFPfusedplasmidsandtransfectedthoseplasmidsintothe293Tcelllinetotestforgenefunction.WhilethemutatedGJB2gene(GJB2c.176del16)ofherdeafbrotherwasfoundtobeunabletoformthegapjunctionstructurebetweentwoadjacentcells,thebabygirl’sGJB2generanintonosuchproblems.Conclusion:ThescreeningandsequencingaswellastheGJB2genefunctiontestsinvariablyshowedresultsconsistentwiththeABRtestedhearingphenotype,whichmeansthatthechild,withanormalwildtypeGJB2gene,doesnotneedearlyinterventiontopreventherfromdevelopinghearinglossanddysphoniaatalaterstageinlife.
简介:摘要目的分析研究脑肿瘤出血的临床特点及手术治疗方法。方法回顾分析2011年1月至2015年1月期间在我院诊治的110例脑肿瘤出血患者临床资料,分期其临床特点,并且将其随机分为对照组和观察组,每组55例患者,对照组患者采用常规保守药物治疗,观察组患者采用手术切除肿瘤治疗,对比两组患者的临床治疗疗效。结果治疗结束后,观察组患者临床治疗总有效率89.09%,与对照组患者临床治疗总有效率49.09%对比,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),并且对照组患者不良反应率65.45%,与观察组患者不良反应率23.63%对比,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论脑肿瘤出血确诊后,应该尽早的进行手术治疗,切除肿瘤,清除血块,可以有效地提高临床治愈率,并且减少不良反应的发生,值得在临床中推广和应用。
简介:目的分析一个大前庭水管综合征家系的临床特征和SLC26A4基因检测特点。方法对一个大前庭水管综合征家系进行病史采集和听力学检测,绘制耳聋家系系谱图,提取受检者的基因组DNA,对所有家系成员进行耳聋基因芯片分析和SLC26A4基因全外显子及外显子侧翼序列的检测。结果该家系共5代合计30人(男17人,女13人),现存26人,其中第四代7人为耳聋患者,6人均为语前感音神经性聋。1人为语后感音神经性聋,颞骨CT显示均为前庭水管扩大,第五代1人为耳聋患者,表现为前庭水管扩大合并语前感音神经性聋。在家系中共发现SLC26A4基因c.754C〉T、c.919-2A〉G、c.1264-12T〉A和c.1548_1549insC四种已知致病突变类型。耳聋患者均为复合杂合突变。10人为SLC26A4基因携带者。结论该家系的8例耳聋患者由SLC26A4基因复合杂合突变导致前庭水管扩大,病因学分析可为患者提供预见性的临床措施,并为该家系的后代遗传咨询与婚育指导提供理论依据及科学手段,有效地防止聋儿后代出生。
简介:目的连接蛋白基因和遗传性耳聋及角皮病有明确的相关性.现有4个连接蛋白基因突变可导致角皮病,即:GJB4、GJB2、GJB3和GJB6,其中3个基因既可导致遗传性耳聋,即GJB2、GJB3和GJB6,而GJB4是否与遗传性耳聋相关还有待于进一步证实.为证实GJB4和遗传性耳聋的相关性,在非综合征型遗传性耳聋中进行突变检测.方法本实验采用PCR-直接测序法对60个非综合征型遗传性耳聋家系先证者进行GJB4的突变检测,其中32个显性遗传,28个隐性遗传.结果发现了四种碱基改变:109G>A、3'UTR+17A>G、611A>C和507C>G.109G>A和3'UTR+17A>G是新发现的碱基改变,但在家系突变检测中证实为多态.611A>C和507C>G两种碱基改变是已报道的多态,611A>C是我们检测到的最常见的多态.结论本研究发现了GJB4的109G>A和3'UTR+17A>G两种新多态,为今后进一步研究打下了基础,但未能最终证实GJB4为遗传性耳聋的致病基因,可是从该基因背景来分析GJB4仍可能是一个很好的耳聋候选基因,有待于扩大家系收集范围进一步检测.
简介:目的探讨浆膜蛋白RTN1和RTN4基因在小鼠内耳的表达.方法采用5只成年小鼠内耳组织提取总RNA,逆转录后获得小鼠内耳细胞cDNA,根据RTN1和RTN4基因编码区序列设计的引物进行PCR扩增,通过PCR产物分析和DNA测序确定RTN1和RTN4是否在小鼠内耳细胞表达.结果采用小鼠内耳组织总RNA,RT-PCR扩增出RTN1和RTN4基因部分编码区,扩增产物测序证实小鼠内耳中有RTN1和RTN4基因的表达.结论RTN1和RTN4基因在内耳有表达,为RTN1和RTN4与连接蛋白26(connexin26)蛋白的互作关系提供了进一步的证据.浆膜蛋白RTN1和RTN4可能与连接蛋白26在听觉生理中起作用.
简介:Recently,thehumancochleahasbeenshowntocontainnumerousresidentmacrophagesundersteady-state.Themacrophagesaccumulateinthestriavascularis,amongtheauditorynerves,andarealsospottedinthehumanorganofCorti.ThesemacrophagesmayprocessantigensreachingthecochleabyinvasionofpathogensandinsertionofCIelectrode.Thus,macrophagesexecuteaninnate,andpossiblyanadaptiveimmunity.Here,wedescribethemolecularmarkersCD4andCD8ofTcells,macrophagemarkersMHCⅡandCD11b,aswellasthemicroglialmarkersTEME119andP2Y12,inthehumancochlea.Immunohistochemistryandtheadvantageoussuper-resolutionstructuredilluminationmicroscopy(SR-SIM)wereusedinthestudy.CD4~+andCD8~+cellswerefoundinthehumancochleae.Theywereseeninthemodiolusinasubstantialnumberadjacenttothevessels,intheperipheralregionoftheRosenthal’scanal,andoccasionallyinthespiralligament.Whilethereareasurprisinglylargenumberofmacrophagesinthestriavascularisaswellasbetweentheauditoryneurons,CD4~+andCD8~+cellsarehardlyseenintheseareas,andneitherareseenintheorganofCorti.Inthemodiolus,macrophages,CD4~+andCD8~+cellsappearedofteninclusters.InteractionbetweenthesedifferentcellswaseasilyobservedwithSR-SIM,showingcloselyplacedcellbodies,andtheprocessesfrommacrophagesreachingoutandtouchingthelymphocytes.OtherwisetheCD4~+andCD8~+cellsinhumancochleartissuearediscretelyscattered.Thepossiblerolesoftheseimmunecellsarespeculated.
简介:目的比较4岁听障儿童与健听儿童通过听觉记忆词汇的测试结果,探讨两类儿童词汇记忆的差异。方法选取4岁听障儿童24名(其中助听时间1~2年的10名,助听时间2~3年的14名)和健听儿童14名,采用言语听觉反应评估(evaluationofauditoryresponsetospeech,EARS)中的封闭式句子测试内容分别对儿童进行测试,比较其结果。结果①在记忆句中名词、形容词方面,3组儿童之间不存在显著性差异(P〉0.05);②在记忆句中动词方面,助听时间1~2年与2~3年的听障儿童之间存在极显著性差异(P〈0.01),助听时间1~2年的听障儿童与健听儿童之间也存在显著性差异(P〈0.05),但助听时间2~3年的听障儿童与健听儿童之间不存在显著性差异(P〉0.05)。结论①助听时间越长,听障儿童通过听觉记忆句子中词汇的能力越强;②助听时间的长短影响听障儿童在记忆不同词性词汇方面的能力,这为听障儿童听觉训练提供了参考依据。