简介:ObjectivesToevaluateperipheralauditorydysfunctioninseniledementiaofAlzheimer'sdisease(AD)anditsrelationshipwithcognitivedysfunction.MethodsPuretonethresholds,wordrecognitionscores(WRS),acousticimmittanceandauditorybrain-stemresponses(ABR)weretestedtoevaluatetheauditoryfunctionin43ADpatientsand50normalsubjects.ThetestreliabilityinthesesubjectswasexaminedbeforethetestresultswereevaluatedfortheircorrelationwiththeMiniMentalStateExamination(MMSE)score.ResultsTherewerenostatisticallysignificantdifferencesinperipheralauditoryfunctionsbetweenthetwoearsinthetestedsubjectsorbetweenthetwogroupswhentheauditometricresultsoftherightearwerecompared(P>0.05).Also,therewerenostatisticallysignificantdifferencesbetweenthetwogroupswhenaudiometrictestreliability,acousticimpedanceandABRresultswerecompared(P>0.05).ConclutionsThepuretoneaudiometricthresholdandWRSinADpatientsaresimilartothoseincomparablenon-ADsenilesubjects.Peripheralauditorydysfunctionisnotrelatedtocognitivedysfunction.
简介:ThisarticlereviewstheeffectivenessofintratympaniccorticosteroidsforvertigocontrolinM_eni_ere'sdiseaseat2-yearsfollow-upaccordingtotheguidelinesexpressedbytheAmericanAcademyofOtolaryngology-Head&NeckSurgery.DespitetheincreaseduseofintratympaniccorticosteroidsforvertigocontrolinM_eni_ere'sdiseasethereisdebateastotheireffectiveness,particularlycomparedtogentamicin.Evenso,afterjustasinglecourseofinjections,corticosteroidscanreliablyprovidecompletevertigocontrol(ClassA)at2-yearsinabout50%ofcasesasindicatedinarecentdouble-blindrandomizedcontrolledclinicaltrial(Pateletal.,2016).Buttheeffectivenessofintratympaniccorticosteroidstrulyincreaseswhentreatmentisprovided'as-needed',wherebycompletevertigocontrolisestablishedinupto91%ofcases.Onthebasisofavailableliterature,thereisgoodevidencetorecommendtheuseofintratympanicsteroidtreatmentforvertigocontrolinM_eni_ere'sdisease,butpatientsmustbemonitoredfornon-response.Therationalefortreatingpatientsas-neededandthepossiblereasonsforcorticosteroidnonresponsearediscussed.
简介:Bell’spalsyisacommonlyseencranialnervediseaseandcanresultincompromisedfacialappearanceandfunctions.Itsetiology,prognosisandtreatmentarestillbeingdebated.Thispaperisareviewofrecentdevelopmentintheunderstandingofetiology,diagnosisandnon-surgicaltreatmentofBell’spalsy.
简介:ObjectiveToreportoutcomesofnonsurgicalandsurgicalmanagementofMenière’sdiseaseatBeijingTiantanHospital.MethodsPatientswithMenière’sdiseasewerecategorizedintogroupsbasedonhearingandqualityoflife.Individualizedmanagementwasprovided,includinglifestylemodification,drugtherapies,endolymphaticsacdecompressionandlabyrinthectomy.Treatmentoutcomeswereevaluatedduringupto24monthsfollowup.ResultsEightysevenpatientsunderwentlifestylemodificationanddrugtherapies.ThevertigocontrolrateofGradeAandBwas76.9%and83.8%respectively.Sixpatientsreceivedsurgicalmanagement,includingendolymphaticsacdecompression(n=5)andlabyrinthectomy(n=1).Forthesepatients,thevertigocontrolrateofGradeAandBwas80%and100%,respectively.ConcluIsionsManagementofMenière’sdiseasedependsonseveralfactors,i.e.severitiesofvertigoandhearingloss,qualityoflife,surgicalcontraindicationsandpatientsubjectivedesire.Thetreatmentisdrugtherapiesforthemajorityofpatients,aswellaslifestylemodification.Surgicalindicationsarerareandtheleastinvasiveproceduresshouldbeconsideredfirst.Theresultsofsurgeryaregenerallysatisfying.
简介:目的通过本实验证明s/z比值在聋儿言语呼吸中的临床应用价值.材料:在上海市随机选取4-17岁640名健听儿童,从国内外数家康复中心随机选出共29名配戴助听器且采用腹式呼吸的聋儿接受s/z测试,以及30名接受胸式呼吸训练的配戴助听器聋儿.方法采用"实时言语矫治仪"进行测试,令受试者先发/s/音,然后发/z/音,均符合最长声时的发音要求,然后求其比值.结果s/z比值不受年龄、性别的影响,且聋儿组康复训练前后s/z比值有着显著性差异,胸式呼吸的s/z比远大于腹式呼吸组.结论s/z比值能够进一步检测出聋儿言语呼吸不协调的问题,为制定康复方案提供了有价值的参考;同时证明胸式呼吸不仅使得聋儿的言语呼吸支持不足,而且造成呼吸和发音系统的严重不协调.
简介:目的考察3~5岁听障儿童的气质特点及其影响因素,为康复训练提供参考依据。方法选取111名3~5岁听障儿童,采用3~7岁儿童气质问卷施测。结果3~5岁听障儿童在气质各维度上的表现倾向不同(P〈0.05),适应度维度得分最高,其次为趋避性、心境、注意分散度和规律性,注意力持久性和反应阂得分最低。儿童性别、主要照顾人及其受教育水平、职业、家庭结构对听障儿童气质的多个维度具有显著影响(P〈0.05),主要表现在反应强度、注意力持久性、规律性、注意分散度、活动量、心境和适应度维度;助听设备和康复时间对听障儿童气质特点影响不明显(P〉0.05)。结论3~5岁听障儿童的气质受家庭、社会环境等多方面因素影响,但在具体特征上有其独特性。
简介:ObjectiveChronictinnitusisahighlyprevalentconditionandhasbeenhypothesizedtoresultfromaninnatedisturbanceincentralnervousserotonergictransmission.Giventhefrequentcomorbiditywithmajordepressionandanxiety,wearguethatcandidategenesforthesedisordersarelikelytooverlap.Thepresentstudyaddressesthegeneencodingforthe5-HT1Areceptorasaputativeriskfactorfortinnitus.MethodsIn88subjectswithadiagnosisofchronicsubjectivetinnituswhounderwentadetailedneurootologicalexamination,theentire5-HT1AgenewasamplifiedusingoverlappingPCRproducts.Ampliconswerecustomsequencedbidirectionallyandwerescreenedforvariantsinmultiplealignmentsagainstthehumangenomereference.ResultsWeidentifiedasynonymousC>Texchangeatresidue184(Pro)in7/88subjects,butdetectednomissensevariantsinthepopulationunderstudy.Specifically,thefollowingresidueswerefullyconserved:16(Pro),22(Gly),28(Ile),98(Val),220(Arg),267(Val),273(Gly),and418(Asn).DiscussionThepresentdatacountagainstthecausationofchronictinnitusbyachangeinthe5-HT1Areceptor'saminoacidsequence.However,theallelefrequencyforthe184Prominorallele(0.04)reachedtwicethefrequencyreportedincontrolcohortsfromthesameethnicity.Additionalinvestigationsareinvitedtoclarifytheroleofthe5-HT1Apolymorphisminlargersamples,andtocontrolforcomorbidaffectivedisorders.
简介:目的:探讨中国人X连锁Alport综合征患者的听力表型与皮肤组织Ⅳ型胶原α5链表达的关系。方法收集2008年8月至2013年8月期间确诊为X连锁Alport综合征的31例患者临床资料,采用纯音听阈测试或ABR+40Hz相关电位检查+声导抗+耳声发射的方式进行听力评估,并采用免疫组化染色检测皮肤组织基膜Ⅳ型胶原α5链的表达,采用Pearson相关分析方法分析二者的关系。结果31例X连锁Alport综合征中听力下降患者均表现为轻、中度感音神经性聋。听觉损害共28例(90.3%),其中22例男性中中度12例,轻度5例,轻微损害5例;女性6例,轻度3例,轻微损害3例。按皮肤Ⅳ胶原α5链染色分级,阴性17例均为男性,其中听力正常4例(3例OAE异常),听力下降13例(轻度4例,中度9例);大部阴性与可疑阳性各1例,均为男性,分别为中度和轻度;连续±2例(男性),正常和中度各1例;间断阳性3例均为女性,均为正常或轻度;连续++7例(男3,女4),其中听力正常4例,听力下降3例(2例轻度,1例中度)。染色阴性的11例听力下降患者听阈与年龄呈正相关(P=0.043,r=0.616)。结论X连锁Alport综合征患者皮肤组织Ⅳ胶原α5链的表达男性低于女性,听力表现与皮肤组织Ⅳ胶原α5链的表达有一定的关系,其中Ⅳ胶原α5链表达阴性的患者听力下降程度与年龄存在相关性,但也存在听力正常的患者,说明还有其他因素影响患者的听力。皮肤组织中Ⅳ胶原α5链表达在一定程度上能反映耳蜗基底膜中Ⅳ胶原α5链的表达和功能。
简介:目的:对70岁以上老人的听力障碍情况进行调查,了解高龄老年人群的听力损失特点。方法对103例70岁以上老人进行老年听力障碍量表筛查版(HHIE-S)问卷调查,并采集基本健康信息。结果在103例受调查者中,34例存在听力障碍(33.0%)。存在听力障碍的老人中,70~79岁5例(15.6%),80~89岁21例(36.8%),90~98岁8例(57.1%)。罹患糖尿病对于总得分、情绪得分、社交场景得分具有显著影响(P〈0.05);年龄对社交场景得分有显著影响(P〈0.05),80岁以下的老年人社交场景得分低于80岁以上老年人(P〈0.05);噪声接触史对社交场景得分有显著影响(P〈0.05)。结论HHIE-S可较好反映70岁以上老年人听力障碍情况。
简介:摘要目的浅析风险管理在骨科护理管理中的应用效果。方法本文选取我院于2014年04月~2015年04月收治的100例骨科患者,将其随机分为护理组和对照组,对照组采用常规护理方式,护理组采用风险管理方式,对比两组患者的护理满意度、护理纠纷发生率结果。结果护理组投诉1例,意外摔倒1例,护理纠纷发生率为4.00%,对照组投诉5例,意外摔倒3例,意外坠床2例,护理纠纷发生率为20.00%,两组结果对比存在显著性差异(P<0.05),具有统计学意义。结论骨科患者采用风险管理方式后,可以针对出现的偏差问题加以充分识别,能够做好相应的事前预防和控制管理,是当前一种比较有效的预防性管理措施。
简介:摘要目的探讨人性化管理在临床护理管理中的效果。方法随机选取我院外科综合片区2012-2014年的N0-N1的护士共72名,实施人性化护理管理前后分别对72名患者就住院环境、护理态度、护理技能和护理质量满意情况进行问卷调查;同时对72名护理人员就工作环境、人际关系、工资待遇、职业认同感和整体工作满意情况进行问卷调查,并于2014年6月进行前后对比分析和总结。问卷方式均以无记名方式作答。结果人性化管理措施实施后的患者满意度及护士满意度较措施实施前有明显的提高。结论实施人性化管理不仅能提高患者和护理人员满意度,同时还能激发了护理人员的工作积极性,提高护理人员的整体素质,提升护理质量和效率,促进卫生事业的和谐发展。