简介：ToinvestigatetheimbalancestateofhelperTlymphocytes(Th)andcytotoxicTlympho-cytes(Tc)andtherolesofTh1/Th2/Th3andTc1/Tc2cellsinrenaltransplantationrejection,theper-centagesofthesecellsinperipheralbloodof24casesofrenaltransplantationrecipientswithacutere-jectionandthedynamicchangesoftheCD4/CD8ratioweredeterminedbyflowcytometryanalysis,while30casesofhealthyindividualsweresetupascontrols.Inthesehealthycontrols,thepercentagesoftheTh1,Th2andTh3cellswere(10.45±8.15)%,(5.05±4.15)%and(3.90±3.21)%,andthoseofTc1andTc2cellswere(9.83±7.03)%and(4.51±2.17)%,respectively.However,thepercentagesofTh1andTclcellsinperipheralbloodofthestablerecipientsaftertransplantationwere(7.29±5.62)%and(7.04±5.15)%,showingdefinitereduction,whilethoseofTh2,Th3andTc2cellsshowedsignificantincrease,(6.34±5.67)%,(4.94±4.14)%and(6.86±4.42)%,respectively.Incaseofrecipientswithacuterejection,thepercentagesofTh1andTc1cellsappearedtobe(18.55±13.21)%and(15.84±11.72)%,alsoshowingsignificantincrease,butthoseofTh2,Th3andTc2cellsappearedtobereduced,(4.19±3.62)%,(3.02±2.83)%and(3.88±1.63)%,respectively.Significantdifferencescouldbedetectedamongthesethreegroups(P<0.05).TheCD4/CD8ratioincaseswithacuterejectionwashigherthanthoseofstablerecipients(2.24±0.59vs1.95±0.45),butthatofthestablerecipientsandhealthycontrols(1.98±0.31)showednoanysignificantdifference.Fromtheaboveobservation,itisevidentthatimbalancebetweenTh1,Th2andTh3withTc1andTc2cellsmayexistafterrenaltransplantationandprobably,theim-muneimbalancemaybeinducedthroughthesecretionofcytokinesINF-γbyTh1orTc1cells,Ⅱ-4byTh2andTc2cellsandTGF-βbyTh3.

简介：Thecurrentconceptof“AdoptiveTCellImmunotherapyofCancer”isquitedifferentfromhowitwasoriginallyconceived．Withthedevelopmentofmoderntechnologyinmolecularbiology,cellbiology，immunologyandbiochemistryduringthelasttwentyyearsorso，adoptiveimmunotherapyhasgrownfromitsinitialformofasimple“bloodcelltransfer”intoitspresentprocesswhichinvolveshostvauccination，effectorcellactivation／polarizationandgeneticmodification．Withtheuseofimmuneadjuvantsandtheidentification／characterizationoftumor-reactiveTcellsubsets，orincombinationwithothertherapeuticstrategies，adoptivelytransferredTcellshavebecomemuchmorepotentinmediatingtumorregression．Inaddition，studiesonthetraffickingofinfusedTcells，celltransferperformedinlymphopenicmodels，aswellasthediscoveryofnoveltechniquesinimmunemonitoringforthegenerationofeffectorcellsinvitroandaftercelltransferinvivohaveprovidedusefultoolstofurtherimprovethetherapeuticefficacyofthisapproach．ThisarticlewillreviewtheserelatedaspectsofadoptiveTcellimmunotherapyofcancerwithspecificcommentsoncertaincriticalareasintheapplicationofthisapproach．Withtherapidlyevolvingadvancesinthisarea，itishopedthatthiscellularimmunologictherapyasitwasconceptualizedinthepast，canbecomemoreusefulinthetreatmentofhumancancerinthenearfuture．

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简介：【摘要】目的：探究T细胞检测在结核诊断中的应用效果。方法：随机选取2019年3月至2020年3月我院收治的80例结核病患者作为观察对象，所有患者都分别采用T细胞检测、涂片抗酸染色及聚合酶链式反应荧光探针检测，对所有检测方式的准确率进行观察对比。结果：经过统计后，三种检测方式的准确率各有差异。T细胞检测诊断准确率为93.75%，图片抗酸染色诊断准确率为28.75%，PCR荧光探针检测诊断那准确率为73.75%。可以看出，T细胞检测诊断准确率高于其他种种检测方式，同时PCR荧光探针检测准确率高于涂片抗酸染色检测，其差异具有一定的统计学意义（P

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简介：WehavedevelopedandtestedchimericT-cellreceptors(TCR)specificforp185HER2.Intheseexperiments,retroviralvectorsexpressingtheN297orN29ξreceptorswereconstructedinpRET6.AmphotropicviralproducercellswereestablishedintheGALV-basedPG13packagingcellline.Ficollpurifiedhumanperipheralbloodlymphocytes(PBL)werevitallytransducedusinganoptimizedprotocolincorporatingactivationwithimmobilizedanti-CD3/anti-CD28monoclonalantibodies,followedbyviralinfectioninthepresenceoffibronectinfragmentCH296.Transducedcellswereco-culturedwithhumantumorcelllinesthatoverexpress(SK-OV-3)orunderexpress(MCF7)p185HER2toassayforantigenspecificimmuneresponses.BothCD4^+andCD8^+T-cellstransducedwiththeN297orN29ξchTCRdemonstratedHER2-specificantigenresponses,asdeterminedbyreleaseofTh1likecytokines,andcellularcytotoxicityassays.OurresultssupportthefeasibilityofadoptiveimmunothempywithgeneticallymodifiedT-cellsexpressingachTCRspecificforp185HER2.

简介：TheaimofthisstudyistofindtheexperimentalevidencethattheprecursorfrequencyofalloreactiveCTLsisproportionaltothenumberoftheT-cellepitopespecificities.ThenumberofT-cellepitopespecificitieswasmanipulatedbypulsingdifferentnumberofHLA-A2restrictedpeptide(s)ontotheT2cells,whichactedasstimulatingcellstoelicitallo-reactionbyco-culturingwithperipheralbloodlymphocytes(PBLs)ofHLA-A2negativeindividual.TenHLA-A2restrictedpeptides(allwerenormalcellcomponents)weresynthesized,andcellpeptideextractwaspreparedbyfrozenandthawed.T2cellsloadedwithdifferentnumberofpeptide(s)wereco-culturedwithPBLsofanHLA-A2negativeindividual;thelatterwerestainedwithPKH67inadvance.Thentheproliferationwasmonitoredwithflowcytometry,andtheprecursorfrequencyoftheeffectorcellswasanalyzedbytheModFitSoftware.After6dofculture,noproliferationwasobservedinthebulkcultureofPBLalone,andobviousproliferationtookplacewhenPBLsoftheHLA-A2negativewereco-culturedwithT2cellsloadedwithorwithoutloadingpeptide(s).TheprecursorfrequencyofthealloreactiveCTLswas0.052819forco-culturewithT2cellsloadedwithoutpeptide;howeveritwas0.030429forT2cellswithEBV/LMP2Aand0.030528forT2cellsloadedwithasingleautogeneicpeptide,andincreasedupto0.144942forT2cellsloadedwith10autogeneicpeptides;theprecursorfrequencywas0.203649whenco-culturedwithT2cellsloadedwithmiscellaneouspeptidesextractedfromthecytoplasmofT2cells.ThisstudyrevealsthattheprecursorfrequencyofalloreactiveCTLsisproportionaltothenumberofT-cellepitopespecificities,andindependentofthedensityoftheallogeneicHLAClassⅠmolecule.OurfindingssupportthehypothesisthatthealloreactiveTcellpopulationscomprisemiscellaneousTcellclones;eachisspecifictocorrespondingpMHC.ThenovelconstellationofpeptidespresentedbyallogeneicMHCmoleculesmakesthous

简介：Tostudytheroleofnaturalkiller(NK)cellsinTcellrecruitmentinmurineliverinfectedwithvirus,micewereintravenouslyinjecteddailywithanti-NK1.1^+antibodytodepleteNKcells.Lymphocytesinthelivertissueofmiceinfectedwithtype5adenovirusdepletedintheE1andE3regionswereassessedbyfluorometricactivatedcellsorting(FACS).Ex-pressionofchemokineIP-10anditsreceptorCXCR3mRNAintheliver,hepaticlymphocytesandspleentissuewereexaminedbyreversetranscriptionpolymerasechainreaction(RT-PCR).Serumalmfineaminotransferase(ALT)wasmeasuredasanindicatorofliverinjury.Itwasfoundthatinfectionofadenovimsandanfi-Fasmonoclonalantibody(mAb)intomicecausedliverinjuryandhighexpressionofinterfemn-γinducibleprotein-10(IP-10)mRNAintheliver.Anfi-NK1.1^+mAb,whichwasintraperitoneallyinjectedintothemiceinfectedwithadenovirus,suppressesTcellrecruitmentandexpressionofIP-10mRNAinthehver.Slighterhverinjurywasalsoobserved.Afterviresinfection,expressionofCXCR3mRNAinspleenandhvertissuewasobservedatdifferenttime.TheresultssuggestedthatTcellrecruitmentwasinitiatedbyNKcelldependentchemokineIP-10,whichinducedactivatedTcellspriminginthespleentothehverofthemouse.NKcellsplayedakeyroleinTcellrecruitmentintheliverofmouseinfectedwithadenovims.

简介：Toinvestigatewhetherestradiol(E2)playsaroleincell-contact-dependentregulatorymechanismofTcellactivation,westudiedtheroleofE2inregulatinggenetranscriptionofCTLA-4,ICOS,B7-1,B7-2andB7hinvitro.ThespleniccellsofnormalfemaleBALB/cmicewereactivatedbyConA.ThenthecellswereculturedwithE2(100pg/mlor50ng/ml)for24hor48h,respectively.ThecellproliferationwasmeasuredbyMTTassayandtheexpressionoftheco-stimulatorymoleculesmRNAwasexaminedbyRT-PCRanalysis.WefoundthatE2(100pg/ml,physiologicallevel)stimulatedtheactivatedspleencellsproliferation;inhibitedCTLA-4,ICOS,TGF-βandIL-10genetranscription;promotedB7-1andB7-2genetranscription.E2(50ng/ml,pregnantlevel)inhibitedtheproliferationoftheactivatedspleniccells;promotedCTLA-4,B7-1,IL-10butinhibitedB7-2andTGF-βgenetranscription.Therefore,weconcludethattheeffectsofE2onTcellactivationarepartiallythroughitsregulationontheco-stimulatorymolecules.Theco-stimulatorymoleculesarecrucialcomponentsofthecell-contactdependentregulatorymechanism,andE2mayregulateTcellactivationbythismechanism.

简介：AbstractToinvestigatetheroleofCD4^+helperT(Th)cellsinthememoryCTL-mediatedanti-tumorimmunity,theRAG-1geneknockoutmicewereadoptivelytransferredwithOT-1cellstogeneratethememoryCTL,theC57B1/6miceimmunizedwiththeepitopepeptideofOVAspecificThcellsandwithdifferentadjuvantswereadopfivelytransferredwiththesememory-CTLs,andthentheanimalswerechallengedwithtumorcellsEGT.ItwasfoundthatalthoughthesimpleimmunizationofmicewiththeepitopepeptideoftheOVAspecificThcellscouldgeneratemoreeffectCTL,butthiseffectwasnotsostrongenoughtoresistcompletelythechallengeswithtumorcells.Nevertheless,thememoryCTL-mediatedanti-tumorimmuneeffectrequiredthehelpsofTh1andTh2cells.Thecross-regulationbetweenThlandTh2cellsseemedtobebeneficialforthehosttogeneratemoreeffectorCTLformountinganefficientanti-tumorresponse.ItconcludedthattheinteractionbetweenThlandTh2cellsmightbemoreimportantthanthesinglesubsetofThcellsinthememoryCTL-mediatedanti-tumorimmuneresponse.Moreattentionshouldbepaidinthisregardforthefuturestudies.

简介：TheaimofthepresentstudywastodeterminetheefficacyofimmunotherapywithdendriticcellstoelicitEBV-specificCTL-immunityinadvancedcasesofEBV-positivepatientswithnasopharyngealcarcinoma(NPC)andtodeterminethesafetyandtoxicityofthispreparation.NinecasesofhistologicallyconfirmedpatientswithNPCundergoingtreatmentwithradiologicaltherapywereenrolledinthisstudy.Dendriticcells,generatedinvitrofrombloodmonocytesofpatientswereculturedandmaturedwithcytokinesandtheninfectedwithrecombinantadenovirusvaccinecontainingEBV-latentmembraneprotein-2(Ad-LMP2).On9days'cultivationofcells,thematuredDCswereharvested,irradiatedwithCoandtheninjectedintradermallytopatientswithNPC.Theinjectionswereperformed3timestotally.Afterimmunization,theCTLresponseswereassayedbymeansofcytotoxicityandepitope-specificIFN-γproduction.Theresultsofthistrialshowedthatallpatientscouldtoleratethiskindoftreatmentwithoutanysideeffect,duringwhichmarkedincreaseofLMP2-specificCTL-responsescouldbedemonstratedin5patientsofthisgroup.AndthelevelofIgA/VCAantibodydecreasedin8of9patients,thusaccountingforabetterprognosisforthesepatients.Allpatientswillbefollowedupforanotheroneyear.Atleast,thepresentworkshowsthatintradermalvaccinationwithautologousDCsinfectedwithrecombinantAd-LMP2adenovirusisasafeprocedureinNPCpatients,inwhichthisprocedurecanenhancetheLMP2-specificCTLresponsesinpatients.Thesedataareencouragingtodevelopmoreeffectivevaccinestrategiesforthetreatmentofnasopharyngealcarcinoma.

简介：摘要：目的：探讨于男性以及女性患者的冠心病诊断中使用心电图，其T波改变对疾病的判断作用。方法：本研究开展时间显示为2019年1月-2019年12月，收集100例入院诊治冠心病疑似患者作为客观研究对象，通过患者的性别予以分割，分为男性组50例，女性组50例，对两组患者实施相同的冠状动脉造影术，对两组患者的病变情况予以判断分析。结果：在经过动脉造影判断之后，男性组患者的阳性确诊率高于女性组，两组具有较大差异，组间差存意义（P

简介：摘要：目的：本次实验将针对结核病的治疗开展结核感染 T细胞斑点实验，分析临床辅助诊断价值。方法：本次实验选取了 2019年 1月 -2019年 6月前来本院进行疾病检查及治疗的患者为对象，对疑似结核病结核感染患者开展病情诊断分析。在自愿参与实验调查的患者中，采用计算机随机数字表法，对 264疑似例患者进行病情结果讨论。对照组患者采用结核菌素检测，观察组则为 T细胞斑点实验，分析诊断效率。结果：从检测准确率上看，观察组的阳性预测值为 94.6%（ 193/204），对照组为 91.8%（ 167/182），其结果依然以观察组的阳性预测率更高，接近于准确数值。与此同时，观察组检测在灵敏度、特异性上分别为 90.6%（ 193/213）和 78.4%（ 40/51），高于对照组的 8.4%（ 167/213）和 70.6%（ 36/51），组间对比差异较为显著，具有统计学意义（ P＜ 0.05）。结论：采用 T细胞斑点实验对结核患者结核感染进行临床诊断，能够更好地提升准确度，有助于患者早期开展治疗，具有较高的临床应用价值。

简介：Triptolideisanatural,biologicallyactivecomponentderivedfromChineseherbTripterygiumWilfordiiHookF.(TWHF)whichiseffectiveintheclinicaltreatmentofautoimmunediseases,however,themechanismsbywhichtriptolideexertsimmunosuppressionremainfullyunderstood.Theprimaryofthisstudyistodemonstratewhethertriptolidecanaffectphenotype,cytokineproductionandallogeneicTcell-stimulatorycapacityofdendriticcells(DCs)whicharecriticalintheinductionofimmuneresponseortolerance.PhenotypicanalysisshowthattriptolidedoesnotaffecttheexpressionofMHC(Ia^b),CD80,CD86andCD40ofDCstimulatedwithornotLPS,butsignificantlyinhibitsIL12p70productionbyDCinadose-dependentmanner.Triptolide-treatedDCsexhibitareducedcapacitytostimulateproliferationofallogeneicCD4^+Tlymphocytes.Therefore,triptolide-mediatedimmunosuppressionmaydue,inpart,totheinhibitionofIL-12p70productionandimpairmentofallogeneicTcell-stimulatorycapacityofDCs.Ourresultsmayprovideapossiblemechanisticexplanationfortheeffectivenessoftriptolideinthetreatmentofautoimmunediseases.

简介：TheaimofthisstudyistoinvestigatetheeffectsofallitridinontheexpressionoftranscriptionfactorT-bet/GA-TA-3inmiceinfectedbymurinecytomegalovirus.BALB/cmicemodelsystemofmurinecytomegalovirus(MCMV)infectionwasestablished.Inwhich20modelmicewereallocatedrandomlyintoallitridintreatedgroup(n=10)andinfectedcontrolgroup(n=10).Allitridin(25mg·kg^-1·d^-1)wasusedintreatedgroupatthe24hbyintraperitonealroute(once/d×14d),andthesamevolumeofsalinesolutionwasinjectedcontrolmice.Normalcontrolmice(n=10),wereonlygivenwiththesamevolumeof0.89%sodiumchloride,withoutinfectionwithMCMV.TheexpressionlevelsoftranscriptionfactorT-bet/GATA-3mRNAweremeasuredbyRT-PCR,andtheexpressionlevelsofThelper1(Thl)cytokineIFN-γandTh2cytokineIL-10insupernatantofspleencellcultureweremeasuredbyELISA.ExperimentalresultsshowedMCMVinfectioncouldmarkedlydown-modulatetheexpressionofIFN-γandT-bet,andsignificantlyup-modulatetheexpressionofIL-10andGATA-3mRNA.AllitridincouldinduceincreasedexpressionoftranscriptionfactorT-betmRNAandThlcytokineIFN-γsignificantly(P<0.01),anddecreasedexpressionoftranscriptionfactorGATA-3mRNAandTh2cytokineIL-10markedly(P<0.01).ItisconcludedthatMCMVinfectionleadstodisequilibriumofThl/Th2cytokineexpression:thelevelofThlcytokineIFN-γdecreasessignificantlyandTh2cytokineIL-10overexpressesmarkedly.Allitridincanup-regulatetheexpressionofT-betandIFN-γ,andinhibittheexpressionofGATA-3mRNAandIL-10inMCMVinfectedmice,indicatingaTh1dominantstatewhichshouldenhancethespecificcellularimmunereactionsagainstCMVandbehelpfulforclearanceofthecytomegalovirusinhost.

简介：Twenty-oneyearsaftermalariaantigenswerefirstclonedavaccinestillappearstobealongwayoff.Therehavebeenperiodsofgreatexcitementandinmodelsystemssubunitvaccinehomologuescaninducerobustprotection.However,significantchallengesexistconcerningantigenicvariationandpolymorphism,immunologicalnon-respons-ivenesstoindividualvaccineantigens,parasite-inducedapoptosisofimmuneeffectorandmemorycellsandimmunedeviationasaresultofmaternalimmtmityandalterationsofdendriticcellfunction.

简介：【摘要】目的:探析妇科收治患有乳腺癌疾病患者在采用钼靶X线进行诊断同时结合螺旋CT共同诊断价值。方法：择取妇科乳腺癌疾病患者68例，时间择取段在2019年07月~2020年06月，全部开展钼靶X线诊断以及螺旋CT诊断，分析联合诊断效果。结果：与单一钼靶X线诊断和单一螺旋CT诊断效果相对比，钼靶X线+螺旋CT诊断符合率、敏感度、特异度均显著偏高，（p＜0.05）。结论：妇科收治患有乳腺癌疾病患者在采用钼靶X线进行诊断同时结合螺旋CT共同诊断可显著提升准确性，为后期该疾病治疗给予科学依据。

简介：　　【摘要】 目的 对比分析螺旋 CT和磁共振成像诊断小肝癌的临床效果。 方法 选择于 2017年 1月～ 2018年 12月到本院行螺旋 CT及磁共振成像检查且经病理证实的 60例小肝癌患者作为研究对象， 对其临床影像资料进行对比分析。 结果 CT组与 MRI组患者在平扫病灶检出率方面差异具有统计学意义（ P<0.01）， 在增强病灶检出率方面相比较差异无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。 结论 在检查小肝癌时， 可首先选择螺旋 CT扫描的方式， 如果不易定性诊断， 则可使用 MRI检查作为辅助互补， 此两种方法如果能够相互结合， 即可为小肝癌的诊断提供更为确切的保证。  　　【关键词】 螺旋 CT；磁共振成像；小肝癌  　　目前来说临床上对小肝癌的早期诊断多采取螺旋 CT或磁共振成像（ MRI）的检查方法， 为了对比此两种方法的诊断效果， 此次研究特选择于 2017年 1月～ 2018年 12月到我院影像科行螺旋 CT及磁共振成像检查且经病理证实的 60例小肝癌患者作为研究对象， 对其临床影像资料进行对比分析， 现报告如下。  　　 1 资料与方法  　　 1. 1 一般资料 选择于 2017年 1月～ 2018年 12月到本院行螺旋 CT及磁共振成像检查且经病理证实的 60例小肝癌患者作为研究对象， 其中行螺旋 CT检查的患者为 CT组， 共 30例， 其中男 21例， 女 9例， 年龄在 26～ 60岁之间， 平均年龄为（ 42.3±1.6）岁；行磁共振成像检查的 30例患者为 MRI组， 其中男 19例， 女 11例， 年龄在 27～ 62岁之间， 平均年龄为（ 43.8±1.9）岁。 60例患者均经病理证实或手术切除证实为肝癌。此两组患者在年龄、性别等一般资料方面相比较差异无统计学意义， 具有可比性。  　　 1. 2 方法 CT组患者：使用 GE Lightspeed 16 ProVCT进行检查， 30例患者中共发现有 56个病灶。所有患者均取仰卧位， 首先对其进行平扫检查， 设备参数为 120 kV， 160 mA， 矩阵 512×512， 层厚为 8 mm。扫描的范围为膈顶处至肝脏的下缘部位， 使用高压注射器经过患者的左前臂取静脉注入的方式， 碘普罗胺为造影剂。全部扫描完成之后在工作站对图像进行相关处理。 MRI组患者：所有患者均采用德国西门子公司生产的 1.5 T超导 MRI系统进行检查， 30例患者中共发现 58个病灶。采用体部相控阵线圈， 常规的扫描序列主要有 T1WI/WATS（ TR 250～ 350 S， TE 5.1～ 7 ms）等。层厚为 5 mm， 层间距为 10 mm。经患者的肘静脉处注入， 选择碘普罗胺为造影剂， 用量为 100 ml， 速率为每秒 2.0～ 3.0 ml[1]。  　　 2 结果  　　 CT组与 MRI组患者在平扫病灶检出率方面差异具有统计学意义（ P<0.01）， 在增强病灶检出率方面相比较差异无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。  　　 3 讨论  　　一般情况下小肝癌的单个癌结节直径均在 3 cm以下， 且多个癌结节数目在 2个以内， 其直径总和亦在 3 cm以内。小肝癌的临床疗效在很大的程度上决定于是否能够对病症早发现早治疗， 所以说小肝癌的确诊率就成为了工作的一个重要内容 [2]。  　　使用螺旋 CT进行平扫时可见患者病灶一般呈现为低密度灶， 且直径在 1 cm以下的病灶密度较为均匀。现阶段来说螺旋 CT大都使用容积式扫描方式而且有较快的扫描速度， 患者只需一次气就可以完成全部的肝扫描， 在很大的程度上降低了漏诊率， 并且避免了可能因呼吸运动引发的伪影及层面跳动， 提高小病灶检出率。小肝癌 MRI检查 T1WI可呈低或高信号， T2WI信号略高， T2WI信号为中低密度， 而 T2WI呈高信号正是小肝癌的特征性改变。血供在小肝癌的发生及发展中有重要的作用， 通过观察其改变可知小肝癌的大体状况， 一般来说正常的肝组织有四分之一的血供来自肝动脉， 其余四分之三来自门静脉， 采用 MRI动态增强扫描的方式能够很好的显示病灶动脉血供的变化情况 [3]。  　　因为螺旋 CT为可连续性的容积式扫描， 具有速度快且可覆盖面积大的有点， 同时配以多期增强技术， 就可以很好的捕捉到小肝癌的一些不显著的特征性表现， 随着医学技术的推广， 此种方法也逐步被医学界及患者所接受， 成为了临床诊断小肝癌的首要方法。但是近年来 MRI技术得到了不断的发展， 此种方法具有成像速度快且对比噪声高、运动伪影少等许多优点， 能够在尽可能短的时间内多层成像， MRI也渐渐的应用于肝脏肿瘤的诊断中， 且优势逐渐显现。本次的研究组显示， CT组患者及 MRI患者采用增强扫描的方式进行检查时， 对于小肝癌的诊出率分别达到了 91.08%及 91.38%， 两组相比较差异无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。  　　总之， 通过此次研究作者认为在经济以及成像速度方面相比较， 螺旋 CT增强检查能够较好的提高小肝癌患者病灶的检出率， 而且能够提高对病变定性诊断的准确性， 为临床操作提供有效借鉴。因此在检查小肝癌时， 可首先选择螺旋 CT扫描的方式， 如果不易定性诊断， 则可使用 MRI检查作为辅助互补， 此两种方法如果能够相互结合， 即可为小肝癌的诊断提供更为确切的保证。  　　参考文献  　　 [1] 独建库 .螺旋 CT和磁共振成像诊断小肝癌的效果对比 . 山西医药杂志（上半月）， 2013， 42（ 4）： 393-394.  　　 [2] 李伟东 .肝脏囊性占位性病变行螺旋 CT和磁共振诊断的临床价值 . 中国医药指南， 2013， 11（ 11）： 146-147.  　　 [3] 张建国 .多层螺旋 CT与核磁共振成像联合诊断腕关节损伤的临床应用研究 . 中国基层医药， 2011， 18（ 10）： 1354-1355.

简介：Inordertoelucidatethemolecularandimmunologicalmechanismsaswellasthepathogenesisofhemorrhagicfeverwithrenalsyndrome(HFRS),theCD8^+cytotoxicTlymphecytes(CTL)clonewasestablisheddirectlyfromperipheralbloodmononuclearcells(PBMC)ofpatientswithHFRS.TheactivitiesofCTLweredetectedasusualwithEBV-transformedlymphoblastoidcellline(BLCL)astargetcells.TheresultsshowedthattheCTLclonecouldrecognizedandkilledthetargetcellswithspecificityofnucleocapsidproteinofHantaanvirus(HTNVNP)withthecytotoxicitypercentagesof50.2%,25.4%and39.0%respectively.TheseresultsdemonstratedthattheantigenicepitopesofHTNVNPmainlylocatedontheC-temainaloftheviralnucleocapsidprotein.

简介：Toexploretheroleofnuclearfactor-κB(NF-κB)inthesignalpathwayofproteinkinaseC(PKC)regulatingtheproliferationandapoptosisofTlymphocytesinasthma.Tlymphocyteswereisolatedfromtheasthmaticmodelofguineapigsandtheasthmaticpatients.EithertheTcellsstimulatedwithPMAaloneorthosestimulatedwithPMAtogetherwithpyrrolidinedithiocarbamate(PDTC)wereincubatedfor1and24h.TheproliferationofandthepresenceofNF-κBinthecellsincubatedfor1hwereobservedbyMTTandimmunohistochemicalstaining,respectivelyAndthecellsincubatedfor24hwereobservedfortheapoptosisbyTUNEL.Alltheassayswereparalleledwithcontrols,andallthedatawereanalyzedstatisticallywiththesoftwareSAS.ThepercentageofcellsofnuclearpositivestainingofNF-scBandtheproliferationofTlymphocytesfromasthmaticguineapigsandasthmaticpatientsstimulatedwithPMAweresignificantlyhigherthanthoseofTlymphocytesfromasthmaticguineapigsandasthmaticpatientsstimulatedwithoutPMArespectively(P<0.01)andthoseofTlymphocytesfromnormalcontrolguineapigsandnormalcontrolpersonsstimulatedwithPMArespectively(P<0.01),andweresignificantlyreducedbyPDTC(P<0.01).TheapoptosisindexofTlymphocytesfromasthmaticguineapigsandasthmaticpatientsstimulatedwithPMAweresignificantlylowerthanthoseofTlymphocytesfromasthmaticguineapigsandasthmaticpatientsstimulatedwithoutPMArespectively(P<0.01)andthoseofTlymphocytesfromnormalcontrolguineapigsandnormalcontrolpersonsstimulatedwithPMArespectively(P<0.01),andweresignificantlyinducedbyPDTC(P<0.01).ThereweregoodpositivecorrelationbetweenthepercentageofcellsofnuclearstainingofNF-κBofTlymphocytesandtheproliferationofTlymphocytes(r=0.51-0.72,P<0.001),andalsogoodnegativecorrelationbetweenthepercentageofcellsofnuclearstainingofNF-scBandtheapoptosisindexofTlymphocytes(r=-0.55-0.71,P