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简介：Climatesystemmodelsareusefultoolsforunderstandingtheinteractionsamongthecomponentsoftheclimatesystemandpredicting/projectingfutureclimatechange.ThedevelopmentofclimatemodelshasbeenacentralfocusoftheStateKeyLaboratoryofNumericalModelingforAtmosphericSciencesandGeophysicalFluidDynamics,InstituteofAtmosphericPhysics,ChineseAcademyofSciences(LASG/IAP)sincetheestablishmentofthelaboratoryin1985.InChina,manypioneeringcomponentmodelsandfullycoupledmodelsoftheclimatesystemhavebeendevelopedbyLASG/IAP.ThefullycoupledclimatesystemdevelopedintherecentdecadeisnamedFGOALS(FlexibleGlobalOcean-Atmosphere-LandSystemModel).Inthispaper,anapplication-orientedreviewoftheLASG/IAPFGOALSmodelispresented.Theimprovedmodelperformancesaredemonstratedinthecontextofcloud-radiationprocesses,Asianmonsoon,ENSOphenomena,AtlanticMeridionalOverturningCirculation(AMOC)andseaice.TheFGOALSmodelhascontributedtobothCMIP5(CoupledModelIntercomparisonProject-phase5)andIPCC(IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange)AR5(theFifthAssessmentReport).ThereleaseofFGOALSdatahassupportedthepublicationofnearly500papersaroundtheworld.TheresultsofFGOALSarecited~106timesintheIPCCWG1(WorkingGroup1)AR5.Inadditiontothetraditionallong-termsimulationsandprojections,near-termdecadalclimatepredictionisanewsetofCMIPexperiment,progressofLAGS/IAPinthedevelopmentofneartermdecadalpredictionsystemisreviewed.TheFGOALSmodelhassupportedmanyChinesenational-levelresearchprojectsandcontributedtothenationalclimatechangeassessmentreport.ThecrucialroleofFGOALSasamodelingtoolforsupportingclimatesciencesishighlightedbydemonstratingthemodel’sperformancesinthesimulationoftheevolutionofEarth’sclimatefromthepasttothefuture.

简介：Thetriangulationofredspriteswasobtained,basedonconcurrentobservationsoveramesoscaleconvectivesystem(MCS)inNorthChinafromtwostationsseparatedbyabout450km.Inaddition,broadbandsfericsfromthesprite-producinglightningweremeasuredatfivegroundstations,makingitpossibletolocateandidentifytheindividualcausativelightningdischargesfordifferentelementsinthisdancingspriteevent.TheresultsofouranalysesindicatethatthespriteswereproducedabovethetrailingstratiformregionoftheMCS,andtheirparentstrokeswerelocatedmainlyintheperipheralareaofthestratiform.Thelateraloffsetbetweenspritesandcausativestrokesrangesfromafewkmtomorethan50km.Inaparticularlybrightsprite,withadistincthalofeatureandstreamersdescendingdowntoanaltitudeofapproximately48km,thespritecurrentsignalidentifiedintheelectricsferic,measuredatarangeofabout1,110km,peakedatapproximately1msafterthereturnstroke.

简介：PrecipitationobservationscollectedatweatherstationsineasternChina,theNCEP/NCARreanalysisdata,thetropicalcyclone(TC)BestTrackDataset,andasensitivitynumericalexperimentwereusedinthepresentstudytoinvestigatetheroleintheEastAsiansummermonsoon(EASM)systemplayedbyfrequentTCactivitiesoverthewesternNorthPacific(WNP).Resultsindicatedthat,inactiveTCyears,theEASMisstrongerandthesoutherlywindsinthelowertroposphereadvancefarthernorthandreachhigherlatitudes.Meanwhile,themonsoonrainbeltremainsinthelowerandmiddlereachesoftheYangtzeRivervalleyforarelativelyshortperiod,leadingtolessprecipitationthere.BoththewesternPacificsubtropicalhighandtheSouthAsianhighweakenwiththenorthwardshiftoftheridgelinesforbothhigh-pressuresystemsaswellastheEastAsiansubtropicalupper-leveljet.Therefore,theimpactsoffrequentTCactivitiesovertheWNPoneachindividualcomponentoftheEASMareinphasewiththoseofthestrongerEASMitself,amplifyingfeaturesofthealreadystrengthenedEASM.