简介:湿地被称为"地球之肾",具有独特的生态结构与功能.中国湿地面积约占全球湿地面积的10%,但近年来湿地面积逐渐萎缩,已造成了极为严重的生态恶果.因此总结以往湿地研究成果,确立包括遥感在内的各种湿地信息提取方法,形成包含各种湿地信息的湿地数据子库和管理操作这些数据的湿地信息系统,并确立湿地信息的共享与发布机制,从而加快湿地科研步伐,成为湿地与遥感科技工作者共同关注的问题.WebGIS技术是GIS融合Internet技术发展起来的新技术,具有对大批量数据进行有效的分析管理和快速的查询检索功能.基于WebGIS技术的中国沼泽信息系统的建立有效地满足了湿地科研和开发保护的需要.
简介:[1]AnZS,WeiLY,LuYC,1985,ApreliminarystudyofsoilstratigraphyinLuochuanloessprofile.QuaternarySciences,6(1):166-173.(inChinese)[2]AnZS,KutzbacchJE,PrellWLetal.,2001.EvolutionofAsianmonsoonsandphasedupliftoftheHimalaya-TibetanplateausinceLateMiocenetimes.Nature,411:62-66.[3]BarbaraAM,1995.PalaeorainfallreconstructionsfrompedogenicmagneticsusceptibilityvariationintheChineseloessandpalaeosol.QuaternaryResearch,44(3):383-391.[4]DerbyshireE,MengXM,KempRA,1998.Provenance,transportandcharacteristicsofmodemaeoliandustinwesternGansuProvince,China,andinterpretationoftheQuaternaryloessrecord.JournalofAridEnvironments,39:497-516.[5]DingZL,LiuDS,LiuXMetal.,1989.37cyclessince2.5Ma.ChineseScienceBulletin,34(19):1494-1496.[6]DingZL,RutterNW,SunJMetal.,2000.Re-arrangementofatmosphericcirculationatabout2.6MaovernorthernChina:evidencefromgrainsizerecordsofloess-palaeosolandredclaysequences.QuaternaryScienceReviews,19:547-558.[7]DuJ,ZhaoJB,2004.SoilerosionregularitysinceHoloceneinShaolingtablelandofChang′an.JournalofDesertResearch,24(1):63-67.(inChinese)[8]FengZD,WangHB,OlsonCetal.,2004.Chronolgicaldiscordbetweenthelastinterglacialpaleosol(S1)anditsparentmaterialintheChineseLoessPlateau.QuaternaryInternational,117:17-26.[9]GuoZT,LiuDS,FedoroffNetal.,1998.ClimateextremesinloessofChinacoupledwiththestrengthofdeep-waterformationintheNorthAtlantic.GlobalandPlanetaryChange,18:113-128.[10]GuoZT,WillamFRuddiman,HaoQZetal.,2002.OnsetofAsiandesertificationby22MyragoinferredfromloessdepositsinChina.Nature,416:159-163.[11]HeinrichH,1988.OriginandconsequenceofcycliciceraftinginthenortheastAtlanticOceanduringpast130000years.QuaternaryResearch,29:142-152.[12]KempRA,DerbyshireE,
简介:Glacierinventorycompilationduringthepast20yearsandmodificationsofthatfortheEasternPamirandBanggongLakeindicatethatthereare46,342modernglacierswithatotalareaandvolumeof59415km2and5601km3respectivelyinChina.Theseglacierscanbeclassifiedintomaritimeandcontinental(includingsub-continentalandextremelycontinental)types.ResearchesshowthatglaciersinChinahavebeenretreatingsincetheLittleIceAgeandthemasswastagewasacceleratedduringthepast30to40years.BeinganimportantpartofglaciologicalstudiesinChina,icecoreclimaticandenvironmentalstudiesonTibetanPlateauandintheAntarcticahaveprovidedabundant,highresolutioninformationaboutpastclimaticandenvironmentalevolutionovertheTibetanPlateauandAntarctica.ExceptfordifferentparametersrecordedinicecoresrelatingtoclimateandenvironmentchangesonTibetanPlateau,recordsfromicecoresextractedfromdifferentglaciersshowthatthediscrepanciesinclimaticandenvironmentalchangesonthenorthandsouthpartsoftheplateaumaybetheconsequenceofdifferentinfluencingeffectsfromterrestrialandsolarsources.GlaciologicalandmeteorologicalphenomenaimplythatLambertGlaciervalleyisanimportantboundaryofclimateintheeastAntarctica,whichisthoughttobeconnectedwithcyclonicactivitiesandCircum-polarWavesovertheAntarctica.
简介:PermafrostinChinaincludeshighlatitudepermafrostinnortheasternChina,alpinepermafrostinnorthwesternChinaandhighplateaupermafrostontheTibetanPlateau.Thehighaltitudepermafrostisabout92%ofthetotalpermafrostareainChina.Thesouthboundaryorlowerlimitoftheseasonallyfrozengroundisdefinedinaccordancewiththe0℃isothermallineofmeanairtemperatureinJanuary,whichisroughlycorrespondingtothelineextendingfromtheQinlingMountainstotheHuaiheRiverintheeastandtothesoutheastboundaryoftheTibetanPlateauinthewest.SeasonalfrozengroundoccursinlargepartsoftheterritoryinnorthernChina,includingNortheast,North,NorthwestChinaandtheTibetanPlateauexceptforpermafrostregions,andaccountingforabout55%ofthelandareaofChina.Thesouthernlimitofshort-termfrozengroundgenerallyswingssouthandnorthalongthe25°northernlatitudeline,occurringinthewetandwarmsubtropicmonsoonclimaticzone.Itsareaislessthan20%ofthelandareaofChina.
简介:针对当前生物多样性保护中存在的生态孤岛问题,提出陆域生物多样性保护区群网体系建设的设想,阐述了生物多样性保护区群网体系的基本概念,各种尺度体系的主要任务和功能,并设计了体系的初步框架,以期充分利用自然保护区外一切利于生物多样性保护的地域空间和条件,从生态系统整体性、空间关联性和不同尺度、不同层次、不同性质的保护性地域的协调整合上,建构一个用地节约且效能较高的生物多样性保护空间。通过实证,从县域、省域、省际不同的空间尺度探索生物多样性保护区群网体系的建构。县域尺度以福建省明溪县生物多样性保护体系为例,分析了各类自然保护实体空间的协调和保护以及主生态廊道的架构;省域尺度以福建省生物多样性保护空间群网体系构建为例,在增补生物多样性保护重点节点的基础上,探索了地域上分割的同类或相关生物多样性保护空间的网络连接;省际尺度以中国南方华南虎潜在分布区生境廊道构建为例,探索华南虎种群生存空间体系网络架构。
简介:[1]BrownL,1995.WhoWillFeedChina:Wake-upCallforaSmallPlanet.TheWorldWatchEnvironmentalAlertSeries.NortonandCo.,NewYork,USA.[2]CaiYunlong,1990.Land.In:ZuoDakang(eds.),ADictionaryofModernGeography.Beijing:TheCommercialPress,ppl11.(inChinese)[3]CaoM,MaS,HanC,1995.Potentialproductivityandhumancarryingcapacityofanagro-ecosystem:ananalysisoffoodproductionpotentialofChina.AgriculturalSystems,47:387-414.[4]ChenLiding,WangJun,FuBojieetal.,2001.Land-usechangeinasmallcatchmentofnorthernLoessPlateau,China.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,86(2):163-172.[5]DaiFC,LeeCF,ZhangXH,2003.GIS-basedgeo-environmentalevaluationforurbanland-useplanning:acasestudy.EngineeringGeology,61(4):257-271.[6]DingChengri,2003.LandpolicyreforminChina:assessmentandprospects.LandUsePolicy,20:109-120.[7]FuBojie,WangJun,ChenLidingetal.,2003a.TheeffectsoflanduseonsoilmoisturevariationintheDanangoucatchmentoftheLoessPlateau,China.Catena,54:197-213.[8]FuCongbin,2003b.Potentialimpactsofhuman-inducedlandcoverchangeonEastAsiamonsoon.GlobalandPlanetaryChange,37(3-4):219-229.[9]FischerG,SunLaixiang,2001.Modelbasedanalysisoffutureland-usedevelopmentinChina.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,85(1-3):163-176.[10]GuoXiaomin,NiuDekuietal.,2000.TheexplorationofdevelopingfruitindustrymodewithsoilandwaterconservationinsouthJiangxiarea.ResearchofSoilandWaterConservation,7(3):187-218.(inChinese)[11]HeXiubin,LiZhanbin,HaoMingdeetal.,2003.Down-scaleanalysisforwaterscarcityinresponsetosoil-waterconservationonLoessPlateauofChina.Agriculture,EcosystemsandEnvironment,94:355-361.[12]HeiligGK,1999.CanChinafeeditself?Asystemforevaluationofpolicyoptions.ScienceforGlobalInsight,IIASA,Laxenburg(CD-ROMVers.1.1).[13]HuWei,1997.HouseholdlandtenurereforminChina:itsim
简介:Sandydesertificationislanddegradationcharacterizedbywinderosionmainlyresultedfromtheexcessivehumanactivitiesinarid,semiaridandpartofsub-humidregionsinnorthernChina.Theresearchonsandydesertificationhasexperiencedmorethan5decadesofarduouscourseofthestrugglealongwiththeestablishmentanddevelopmentofChina′sdesertscience.Researchesinthisfieldhavemadeagreatcontributiontothenationaleconomicconstruction,andenvironmentalprotection.Thispaperfocusesonpresentingthemajorprogressandachievementsinthesandydesertificationresearchduringthelast50years,includingthestagesofstudyonsandydesertification,backgroundenvironmentofsandydesertificationanditschanges,theconception,causes,process,monitoringandassessmentofsandydesertification,thevegetationsuccession,landscapeecology,plantphysiology,impactsonecosystem,high-effectiveuseofwaterandlandresourcesandsustainabledevelopmentinsandydesertifiedregions,sandydesertificationcontrolmodelsandtechniquesetc.
简介:人类对自然界的认识过程总是由浅入深循序渐进的。回顾过去,中国黄土成因经历了从“水成”到“风成”这样一个曲折的认识过程。通过分析黄土成因争论的历程,得到如下启示:1)过去的黄土成因争论源于人们不认识黄土层中的古土壤,因此识别地层中古土壤对重建古地理环境具有重大意义。2)水平层状地层并非都是水平沉积层理,也有可能是古土壤发生层次,具有水平层理的沉积地层则可能意味着在水中沉积形成,而古土壤层则是在地表环境形成。3)古土壤层的特点是古土壤层具有土壤发生层次,因此各层次之间一般呈现为渐变特征。而沉积地层通常具有明显的顶部和底部,显示着截然变化。4)在总结新生代古土壤特点的基础上,重新认识更老地层的古地理环境,发挥古土壤在研究地层成因、重建古气候等方面的作用。