简介：

简介：目的：建立检测人4型腺病毒拷贝数的荧光定量PCR方法。方法：提取本实验室构建的4型腺病毒全基因组质粒，以梯度稀释质粒为标准模板，选取人4型腺病毒六邻体区域基因设计一对特异性引物，进行SYBRGreenI荧光定量PCR扩增并制作标准曲线。结果：标准曲线为y=-4．284x＋53．468，由全基因组质粒所构建的标准曲线线性关系良好，扩增反应Ct值与拷贝数的对数呈线性关系（R2=0．999609），检出敏感度可达1×10^2拷贝/μL，且与其他几种腺病毒无交叉反应。用该方法检测4型腺病毒感染细胞2、12和24h后的病毒拷贝数，其病毒拷贝数随时间增加，与细胞病变（CPE）变化保持一致，且荧光定量PCR的测量结果稳定（变异系数〈6％）。结论：建立了检测人4型腺病毒基因拷贝数的荧光定量RT—PCR方法，该方法灵敏度高、特异性强。

简介：ThespinesofpencilandlanceurchinsHeterocentrotusmammillatusandPhyllacanthusimperialiswerestudiedasamodeloflight-weightmaterialwithhighimpactresistance.Thecomplexandvariableskeletonconstruction("stereom")ofbodyandspinesofseaurchinsconsistsofhighlyporousMg-bearingcalciumcarbonate.Thisbasicallybrittlematerialwithpronouncedsingle-crystalcleavagedoesnotfracturebyspontaneouscatastrophicdevicefailurebutbygracefulfailureovertherangeoftensofmillimeterofbulkcompressioninstead.Thiswasobservedinbulkcompressiontestsandbluntindentationexperimentsonregular,infiltratedandlatexcoatedseaurchinspinesegments.MicrostructuralcharacterizationwascarriedoutusingX-raycomputertomography,opticalandscanningelectronmicroscopy.Thebehaviorisinterpretedtoresultfromthehierarchicstructureofseaurchinspinesfromthernacroscaledowntothenanoscale.Guidelinesderivedfromthisstudyseeceramicswithlayeredporosityasapossiblebiomimeticconstructionforappropriateapplications.