简介：摘要目的调查慢性皮炎湿疹患者中常见的接触性变应原并探讨其与患者的性别、年龄及临床特征之间的相关性.方法对２０１３年７月至２０１４年１２月在北京医院皮肤科门诊就诊的２５２例慢性皮炎湿疹患者进行瑞敏标准变应原系列斑贴试验,应用统计学方法比较常见变应原阳性率的高低与慢性皮炎湿疹患者的性别、年龄、病程、皮疹发生部位、个人过敏史和家族过敏史的相关性.结果２５２例患者斑贴试验总阳性率３７．７０％,变应原阳性率位居前５位的依次是硫酸镍、芳香混合物、对苯二胺基质、重铬酸钾、卡巴混合物.男性患者重铬酸钾、对苯类混合物和卡巴混合物三种变应原的阳性率高于女性患者.老年组(≥６０岁)的卡巴混合物阳性率高于非老年组;非老年组的硫酸镍阳性率明显高于老年组.有个人过敏史、皮疹泛发的患者的总阳性率较高.结论慢性皮炎湿疹患者斑贴试验的总阳性率＜４０％;主要变应原为硫酸镍、芳香混合物、对苯二胺基质、重铬酸钾、卡巴混合物;变应原阳性率的高低与患者的性别、年龄、个人过敏史及发病部位有一定关联.关键词慢性皮炎湿疹;斑贴试验;变应原Analysisonpatchtestresultsin２５２patientswithchronicdermatitis/eczemaYANGMin,BaoYing－qiu,CHANGJian－min(DepartmentofDermatology,BeijingHospital,Beijing１００７３０,China)AbstractObjectiveToinvestigatecommonallergensamongchronicdermatitis/eczemapatientsandthecorrelationbetweenthesecommonallergensandpatients’gender,age,andclinicalcharacteristics．MethodsWeusedRuiminstandardallergensseriestopatchtest２５２patientswithchronicdermatitis/eczemainouroutpatientdepartmentfromJuly２０１３toDecember２０１４．Correspondingstatisticalmethodswereusedtoanalyzethecorrelationbetweenthepositiveratesofcommonallergensandpatients’gender,age,durationofthedisease,locationanddistributionofthelesion,individualhistoryofallergy,andfamilyhistoryofallerＧgy．ResultsTheoverallpositiverateoftestedallergensin２５２patientswas３７．７０％．Thefivemostcommonpositivetestedallergensare(fromfirsttofifth)nickelsulfate,fragrancemix,４－phenylenediaminebase,potassiumdichromate,andcarbamix．Malepatientshadhigherpositiveratesforpotassiumdichromate,paraＧbensin,andcarbamixcomparedtofemalepatients．Thepatientsinelderlygroup(above６０yearsold)hadhigherpositiverateforcarbamixandsignificantlylowerpositiveratefornickelsulfatecomparedtonon－elderlygroup．Thepatientswithindividualhistoryofallergyorgeneralizedrashhadhighertotalpositiverateoftestedalergensthanthosewithnohistoryofallergyornon－generalizedrash．ConclusionThetotalpositiverateofpatchtestinginchronicdermatitis/eczemapaＧtientsis＜４０％．Themainallergensfoundinourstudyincludenickelsulfate,fragrancemix,４－phenylenediaminebase,potassiumdichromate,andcarbamix．ThepositivKeeryatweosrodfsseveralallergenswererelatedtopatients’gender,age,individualhistoryofallergy,andthedistributionofrash．chronicdermatitis/eczema;patchtest;allergens中图分类号R７５８文献标识码A文章编号１００８－６３１５(２０１５)１２－１０２４－０２