简介：DrivenbycuriosityaboutpossibleflightoptionsfortheChang’e-2spacecraftafteritremainsattheSun-EarthL2point,effectiveapproachesweredevelopedfordesigningpreliminaryfuel-optimalnear-Earthasteroidflybytrajectories.Theapproachesincludetheuseofmodifiedunstablemanifolds,gridsearchofthemanifolds’parameters,andatwo-impulsemaneuverfororbitalphasematchingandz-axisbiaschange,andaredemonstratedtobeeffectiveinasteroidtargetscreeningandtrajectoryoptimization.Asteroidflybysareexpectedtobewithinadistanceof2×107kmfromtheEarthowingtotheconstrainedEarth-spacecraftcommunicationrange.Inthiscase,thespacecraft’sorbitalmotionissignificantlyaffectedbythegravitiesofboththeSunandtheEarth,andtherefore,theconceptofthe"heliocentricoscillating-Keplerorbit"isproposed,becausetheclassicalorbitalelementsoftheflybytrajectoriesreferencedintheheliocentricinertialframeoscillatesignificantlywithrespecttotime.Theanalysisandresultspresentedinthisstudyshowthat,amongtheasteroidswhoseorbitsarethemostaccuratelypredicted,"Toutatis","2005NZ6",or"2010CL19"mightbeencounteredbyChang’e-2inlate2012or2013withtotalimpulseslessthan100m/s.

简介：Liquid-solid(L-S)masstransfercoefficients(Ks)werecharacterizedinagas-liquid-solid(G-L-S)three-phasecountercurrentmagneticallystabilizedbed(MSB)usingamorphousalloySRNA-4asthesolidphase.Effectsofsuperficialliquidvelocity,superficialgasvelocity,magneticfieldstrength,liquidviscosityandsurfacetensionwereinvestigated.ExperimentalresultsindicatedthattheexternalmagneticfieldincreasedKsinthree-phaseMSB,ascomparedtothoseinconventionalG-L-Sfluidizedbeds;thatKsincreasedwithmagneticfieldstrength,superficialgasandliquidvelocitiesanddecreasedwithliquidviscosityandsurfacetension;andthatKsshoweduniformaxialandradialdistributionsexceptforsmallincreasesclosetothewall.DimensionlesscorrelationswereestablishedtoestimateKsoftheG-L-ScountercurrentMSBusingSRNA-4catalyst,withanaverageerrorof3.6%.

简介：Thispaperestablishesanon-linearfiniteelementmodel(NFEM)ofL4-L5lumbarspinalsegmentwithaccuratethree-dimensionalsolidligamentsandintervertebraldisc.Forthepurpose,theintervertebraldiscandsurroundingligamentsaremodeledwithfour-nodalthree-dimensionaltetrahedralelementswithhyper-elasticmaterialproperties.Puremomentof10N·mwithoutpreloadisappliedtotheuppervertebralbodyundertheloadingconditionsoflateralbending,backwardextension,torsion,andforwardfle...

简介：ThecharacteristicsofsuspendedsedimentimagecanbereflectedbythecoefficientsofbiorthogonalwavelettransformofCDF(2,2).Basedonthepowerdistributionindifferentscales,anadaptivealgorithmisproposedinthispaper,wherebythecoefficientsareadjustednon-linearly.Theparticleinformationcanbewellretainedwhiletheuselessbackgroundisremoved.Inthisway,satisfactorybinaryimagecanbeobtainedforfurtheranalysisofthesedimentparticle.

简介：提出了一种在带有反转平台的精密离心机上标定陀螺加速度计二次项系数丘的方法。阐述了其测试原理，指出这种带反转平台的测试原理改善了PIGA离心机测试的环境条件。所提出的测试方案和辨识方法解决了陀螺加速度计在精密离心机上进行高占测试时，受到离心机大臂旋转牵连运动影响的关键问题，并提出分离和精确标定陀螺加速度计二次非线性项系数届的数据处理方法，解决了反转平台引入后造成的正弦输入问题。

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简介：TiO2@ZrO2@Y2O3:有coremultishell结构的Eu3+合成粒子通过layer-by-layer(LBL)的联合被综合自己组装方法和一个solgel过程。获得的样品与扫描电子被描绘显微镜学(SEM)，传播电子显微镜学(TEM)，X光检查光电子光谱学(XPS)，X光检查衍射(XRD)，和荧光spectrophotometry。结果证明合成粒子有coremultishell结构，球形的形态学，和狭窄的尺寸分布。TiO2核心上的ZrO2层的存在能有效地阻止在TiO2核心和Y2O3壳之间的反应；为在在TiO2@ZrO2@Y2O3的TiO2核心和Y2O3壳之间的反应的温度:Eucoremultishell黄磷能被300提高

简介：超燃冲压发动机的正推力问题和超声速燃烧的稳定性问题是制约超燃冲压发动机发展的两个关键气动物理问题.虽然经过50多年的研究,但是目前国内外对这两个关键问题的机理还没有研究清楚.文章首次将CJ爆轰理论应用于超燃冲压发动机推进性能分析,给出了这两个关键气动问题的理论分析结果.分析结果表明,燃烧室入口空气静温对发动机的推进性能产生重要影响.当爆轰波的爆速大于隔离段内空气来流的速度时,会向隔离段上游传播,导致发动机不起动.飞行Mach数Ma=6-8是超燃发动机的临界不稳定范围,飞行Mach数Ma〉9,超声速燃烧将变得稳定.

简介：TheinfluenceofNa2SO4ontheformationofZnOwhiskerswasinvestigatedinthispaper.ZnOwhiskerswithaspectratiosofupto50weresynthesizedbydissolvingε-Zn（OH）2precursorinNaOH/Na2SO4solutionatroomtemperature,followedbyagingoftheresultingsolutionat140℃for6h.Fouriertransforminfraredspectroscopy,Ramanspectroscopy,andX-rayphotoelectronspectroscopyanalysesrevealedthatSO42-ionswereprimarilyadsorbedonthe（100）planeoftheZnOwhiskersviaanouter-spherecomplexconfiguration（O-H…O）,therebypromotingtheone-dimensionalgrowthofZnOwhiskersalongthec-axis.

简介：为了实现GPS信号缺失下的移动机器人自主导航,解决传统粒子滤波中的粒子退化以及粒子贫乏引起的移动机器人定位和导航精度下降问题,提出了基于小生境理论的启发式蝙蝠优化粒子滤波的同时定位与地图构建算法。首先,在启发式蝙蝠优化算法的速度和位置更新过程中,引入惯性权重,加快了算法寻优精度,提高了收敛速度;然后,利用小生境理论进一步优化启发式蝙蝠算法,利用排挤机制和惩罚函数,有效地保证了种群的多样性,提高了算法的全局寻优能力;最后,将基于小生境理论的启发式蝙蝠优化算法用于传统粒子滤波采样中,使得粒子能够智能、快速地向高似然区域运动,同时提高了传统粒子滤波算法的全局寻优能力和寻优精度。实验结果表明：该算法显著提高了移动机器人导航和定位的精度和实时性。

简介：TiO2nanoparticlesweresynthesizedbyahomogeneouscontrolledprecipitationmethodusingindustrialtitaniumsulfate(Ti(SO4)2).TheobtainedpowderswerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD),transmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM),Fouriertransforminfraredspectroscopy(FTIR)andICPplasmaspectrometer.EDTAwasusedascomplexingagenttoimprovethepurityandtheformationofTiO2nanoparticles.Experimentalresultsindicatedthatthehigh-purityTiO2nanoparticleswere20nminmeansizeandnearlymonodispersed.

简介：PureAl2O3-2SiO2powderswerepreparedbysol-gelandcoprecipitationmethods,andtheiralkaliactivationreactivitieswerecompared.Thealkali-activationreactivityofthepowderpreparedbythesol-gelmethodwashigherthanthatofthepowderpreparedbythecoprecipitationmethod.Thepowderswereinvestigatedby27AIand29Simagic-anglespinningnuclearmagneticresonancespectroscopy（MASNMR）tounderstandtherelationshipbetweentheirstructureandalkali-activationreactivity.The27AlMASNMRdatashowedthatthefive-coordinateAIcontentofthepowderpreparedbythesol-gelmethodwashigherthanthatofthepowderpreparedbycoprecipitation.Thehighercontentoffive-coordinateAlcorrespondedtohigheralkali-activationreactivity.The29SiMASNMRdatashowedthatforthepowderpreparedbythesol-gelmethod,siliconwasreplacedbyaluminumatsecondarycoordinationsitesofthecentralSiatomsduringcalcination.However,forthepowderpreparedbysingle-batchcoprecipitation,themainchangewasfromalowdegreeofpolycondensationtoahighdegreeofpolycondensation.

简介：基于氢气的旋转爆轰发动机研究较多,而碳氢燃料与空气混合较为困难,导致基于乙烯的旋转爆轰发动机燃烧技术难度很高.使用宽视野范围的可视化燃烧室观察旋转爆轰波的研究在国内尚未开展.在同一燃烧室内进一步开展了乙烯或氢气的吸气式旋转爆轰实验,来流总温为283~284K,燃烧室壁面有140°石英玻璃观察窗,便于观察旋转爆轰波运动过程.空筒燃烧室爆轰环腔外径为100mm,轴向长度为151mm.燃料通过150个直径0.8mm圆柱孔进入燃烧室,空气通过喉部1mm宽的收敛扩张环缝流入环腔.高速摄影和低高频压力传感器均验证了旋转爆轰波的存在和速度值.以氢气为燃料的旋转爆轰波速度最高可达理论值的101%,爆轰波增压效应可达40%左右,乙烯旋转爆轰波速度可达理论值的89%.旋转爆轰波结构容易发生变化,不规则.氢气旋转爆轰的维持对燃烧室的结构要求比碳氢燃料要低,比乙烯旋转爆轰波更加稳定.

简介：针对一种新型水下气液两相冲压发动机，综合考虑了湍流效应、气液两相之间的拖曳作用及传热与传质，利用计算流体力学方法研究了气液两相冲压发动机内流场的流动特性随发动机工作条件的变化规律，重点研究了气蚀效应对发动机工作性能的影响．主要结论为：当航行速度大于32m／s，气液两相冲压发动机人口附近会产生气蚀并造成严重的总压损失，导致扩张段下游产生流动分离，此时发动机无法产生正推力；通过增大气体质量流率，气液两相冲压发动机内流场的压力将会随之升高，气蚀效应被抑制；提高注入发动机气体的温度，发动机的推力及比冲均增大，但是发动机效率急剧降低．

简介：HomogeneousNi2+-dopedtitaniagelwassynthesizedbyasol-gelprocess,andthexerogelwasthenobtainedthroughaginganddrying,leadingtotheformationofNi/TiO2nanocompositeafterheattreatmentunderasuitablereducingatmosphere.TheresultingnanocompositewascharacterizedbyTGA-DSC,TEM,XRDandBETmethods.Theresultsshowthatthestructureandgrainsizeofthenanocompositescouldbemanipulatedbyalteringtheheat-treatmentconditions,andthatthenanocompositepossessesamesoporousstructurewithaporeradiusofca.28nmandaspecifictheanatase-rutilephasetransformation.

简介：Lithium-aluminum-cobalt-nickeloxideLiAlxCoyNi1xyO2particles,generallyusedascathodeoflithiumbattery,werepreparedbychemicalcoprecipitationfromanaqueoussolutionofLiOH,Al(NO3)3,Co(NO3)2andNi(NO3)2withNH4OH.XRD,SEMandFTIRwereusedtoexaminetheeffectofnickelcontentontheproduct.FTIRpatternsshowedthatincreaseinnickelcontentdecreasedtheabsorptionstrengthofthepeakofspinelstructureoftheproduct,attributedtotheoccupationbynickelinthealuminumsites.Particlesizeandelectricalpropertiesofthelithium-aluminum-cobalt-nickeloxide(abbreviatedasLACNO)particleswerealsodetermined.

简介：The(2+1)-dimensionalBKPequationintheHirotabilinearformisstudiedduringthiswork.WronskianandGrammiantechniquesareappliedtotheconstructionofWronskianandGrammiansolutionsofthisequation,respectively.ItisshownthatthesesolutionscanbeexpressedasnotonlyPfaffiansbutalsoWronskiansandGrammians.

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简介：Thecoordinationpolymer,(Nd(H2O)5)2(2,6-AQDS)3·2H2Owhere2,6-AQDS=2,6-anthraquinonedisulfonate,hasbeensynthesisedviaahydrothermalroute.Structurally,itconsistsoflayersofmonomericNdpolyhedrawhicharelinkedby2,6-AQDSanionsformingapolymeric,three-dimensionalnetwork.EachNdatomisninecoordinate,bondingtofivewatermoleculesandtofouroxygenatomsfromfour2,6-AQDSanionswhichinturnpillarthelayersbybridgingtwoNdatomsinonelayer,andcoordinatingtoasingleNdintheother.

简介：NanocrystallineSnO2wassynthesizedbydirectmixingandgrindingofSnCI4-5H2OandNaOHatroomtemperature,followedbycalcinationatdifferenttemperaturesfordifferenttimesinair.ProductsampleswerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffractionandtransmissionelectronmicroscope,revealingthattheamorphousprecursorSnO2wastransformedtocrystalsat200℃for3h,andthattheaverageparticlesizeincreaseduponraisingthecalciningtemperatureorprolongingthecalciningtime.Themechanismofthephasetransformationoftheproductsisdiscussed.